Pilosela, Vellosilla; al.: Kleines Habichtskraut, Mausohr; ingl.: Mouse to ear
It plants Finds out
The polymorphism of the sort causes that their taxonomy delicate and is controverted. H. pilosella is a plant that grows upholstering the ground in turf form, and that is multiplied by means of lengths estolones. The leaves, in rosette form and made oval have lengths silky hairs of white color and. The florífero stem is ágilo and monocéfalo.
Origin
One extends by all Europe until the limit of the Arctic zone. It does not grow in Turkey nor in Iceland. It is naturalized in North America. One extends frequently between the dry grass that grows little in deep and subject subsoils to summer drought.
Chemical composition
All the organs of the plant contain a cumarina: umbeliferona, mainly present in the fresh drug in heterosídica form (7 glucosil umbeliferona). The leaf is the richest organ: 0,2-0,6%. The acid drug contains in addition fenoles and flavonoides (isoetina) [ Shelyuto ET al., mentioned in [ 348 fatty acid and triterpénicos alcohol ], esters in little habitual proportion (as in the case of the lion tooth): they are stored in lipídicos globule form, constituting a source of power reserve [ 349 ]. Like other many Asteráceas, pilosela accumulates inulina in its root.
Farmacológicos data
The bacteriostática activity of the drug as opposed to diverse species of Brucella, demonstrated at the end of the Forties, must be attributed, according to the tests in vitro, to a cumarina: umbeliferona frees. Some quite old medical examinations and veterinary seem to indicate that a long term treatment can be effective in case of brucelosis. Pilosela also appears like a diurética drug thanks to his polifenoles. This diuresis takes place with ion elimination chloride and nitrogen. The tests of acute toxicity (1 g/kg) and subacute (300 and 600 mg/kg/día) made in animals do not reveal any poisonous effect by 350 oral route [ ].
Use
In Spain the use of this plant is authorized to facilitate the renales and digestive functions of elimination.
The drug
The drug is constituted by the whole plant. The leaves, whole, elliptical and blanquecinas, are covered by numerous hairs in the inferior face. I involve that the chapter surrounds is covered of glandulosos hairs of blackish color. The receiver contains pentadentadas hermafroditas flowers with lígulas. The chromatography in fine layer of a dye in the presence of patterns of luteolol, clorogénico acid and umbeliferona allows to complete the identification.
Bibliography
[ 348 ] And WOLLENWEBER
Flavones and flavonols. In: The flavonoids: advances in research, J.B. HARBORNE and T.J. MABRY.
eds., London, Chapman and Hall, p. 189-260, 1982.
[ 349 ] P. KARUNEN, H. HAKALA and S. HEINONEN
Occurrence of esterified triterpenoid alcohols in the leaves of Pilosella officinarum.
Physiol. Plant., 61, 243-250, 1984.
[ 350 ] Piloselle, to dossier toxicologique. Travaux DES Laboratoires ARKOPHARMA.
Diseases in whose treatment this plant is adapted
Moderate essential arterial hypertension
Premenstrual syndrome
Gastritis
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