SEN OF ALEJANDRIA (cassia acutifolia)

	S
	SEN OF ALEJANDRIA
	*cassia acutifolia*

Name
SEN OF ALEJANDRIA

Scientific Name
cassia acutifolia

SEN OF ALEJANDRIA

Used Part

The foliolos and the fruits.

Active Principles

- Foliolos: Glucósidos of diantronas (2-5%): senósidos To, A1, Cg and small heterósidos amounts of antraquinónicos: glucósidos of áloe-emodina and reína. Mucílagos (10%); flavonoides: kenferol, draws resin from irritating.

- Fruits: Mixture of antraquinónicos derivatives: 1% in the case of sen of Spain (obovata Cassia), 3% the one of India (Cassia angustifolia), 4-5% in sen of Alexandria (Cassia senna): Glucósidos of diantronas: Senósidos ACCEPTS, glucosenósidos, hetrósidos antraquinónicos (in smaller proportion than in the foliolos); flavonoides (kenferol); resinous substances.

R.F.E.:

- the fruit of sen of Jartum or Alexandria (Cassia senna Of.) it contains at least a calculated 3.4% of heterósidos hidroxiantracénicos in senósido B.

- the fruit of sen of India or Tinnevelly (Cassia angustifolia Vahl.) it contains at least a calculated 2.2% of heterósidos hidroxiantracénicos in senósido B.

- Leaf of sen: descados foliolos of Cassia senna Del., Cassia angustifolia Vahl or of a mixture of both. It must contain at least an expressed 2.5% of heterósidos hidroxiantracénicos in senósido B.

Farmacológica Action

The antraquinónicos derivatives confer an action to him colagoga and laxative, to laxative low doses and to greater doses.

Most of the heterósidos ones, arrives directly at the colon where, by the action of enzymes of the bacterial flora, they release agliconas producing an irritation of the nervous completions of the intestinal wall, determining a water secretion and an increase of intestinal peristaltismo. The drug acts 10-12 hours after its ingestion.

The fruits, by their minor contained in antraquinónicos derivatives produce a lax-laxative effect smoother than the foliolos. Nevertheless B of the fruits has been verified which the hot water extracts with greater facility the senósidos ones To and.

Indications

Occasional constipation, situations in which draining is required intestinal (postoperating radiográficos studies, pre and, etc).

Contraindications

Acute abdomen, intestinal obstruction. Pregnancy (by his oxitócico effect it can induce abortions), lactancia (when happening to maternal milk it can cause diarreas in the suckling babies), smaller children of six years. Intestinal or uterine menstruation, inflammatory states, cystitis. Hemorroides (by its irritant effect, although frequently an indication is considered, like laxative). Hepática, renal or cardiac insufficiency, treatment with cardiotónicos (hipopotasemia can harness the action of these).

Not to prescribe oral forms of metering with alcoholic content to smaller children of two years nor to consultantes in process of etílica deshabituación.

Indirect effect

Overdoses or their use in people with a greater sensitivity to the drug, can produce intestinal cólicos and vomits.

In order to mitigate disagreeable the indirect effect, we recommended to prescribe the foliolos of sen desresinificados.

Precaution/Poisonings

To the salary turned one of the plants more using for a long time in the countries developed for the treatment of the constipation, have been very frequent to observe the appearance of indirect effect: The chronic ingestion of foliolos of sen can lead to the destruction of the nervous plexos intramurals of the colon, causing the denominated cathartic colon: a atónico and lacking heavy intestine of haustras, tubular aspect similar to the one of the ulcerosa colitis long play. Frequently it is accompanied by rectocólica melanosis. The abuse of laxatives can also determine diselectrolitemia - hipopotasemia is specially dangerous in cardiologists -, slight esteatorrea and losing enteropatía of proteins.

The greater cause of appearance of indirect effect of drugs with heterósidos antraquinónicos drift of its continued use - rather abuse like automedicación, as well as of the nourishing use of "pan fibroso" that in spite of having a drastic lax-laxative effect, it is sold freely in bakeries.

It would only have to be used during brief periods of time and by facultative prescription. Gattuso JM; Kamm MA, exclusively recommends it for old with a very atónico intestine and in terminal patients, by the risk of hepatotoxicidad of this drug.

For the treatment of the chronic or habitual constipation, we recommended to resort to the mechanical laxatives, and to introduce the necessary moficicaciones in the diet and the habits.

To consider the alcoholic content of the fluid extract and the dye.

Galénicas Forms/Dosage

- Infusion: 5 to 20 g/litro, 1-2 cups to the day.

- Dust: 100-300 mg, 1-4 times to the day, in capsules.

- fluid Extract (1:1): 0,5 to 3 g/día.

- dry Extract (4:1): 0,5 to 2 g/día (1 g is equivalent to 4 g of dry plant).

- Syrup (5% of fluid extract): 15 to 30 g to the day.

- Enema, with infusion: 15 to 20 g/litro. Immediate effect.

Doses recommended by the E.S.C.O.P.: Preparations equivalent to 15-30 mg of hidroxiantraquinónicos derivatives, calculated like senósido B. The correct dose is the minor who produces the wished effect.

Bibliography

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