Vivaz is a plant (that lives several years), with an underground stem (what rizoma is denominated) of which arise numerous aerial stems, straight, cylindrical, green, although something reddish, of little more than half meter of height. The leaves, from two in two, one as opposed to another one, arise of thickenings of the stem (naked) very prominent. They are extended, oval, finished in end, with parallel nervación. The flowers, of pale pink color, with 5 beautiful petals, group towards the superior part of the stems, arising the floral pedúnculos from such naked that the leaves. The polinización carries out a nocturnal butterfly to it that, after absorbing the nectar with its long language, puts eggs within the flower to assure the food to the larvae when these arise from eggs. The fruit is an extended capsule in which four cracks are opened by which the seeds are given off. Their roots, long and graft, hang of rizoma. They are able to find water by very deep that one is, reason why, if one stands in a garden, it is necessary to have well-taken care of with the neighboring plants, because it can rob all the water to them and, in addition, to invade all the land available. Is also known it with the synonymous ones grass
LOCATION: It is an original plant of the ribereños countries of the Mediterranean Sea, although there is some species that lives in wild state in inner regions of the eurasiático continent, but lack in America, Africa and the Australian Continent. It lives in humid zones, marshy lands or forests whose ground is rich in humus (resulting organic matter of the decomposition of the ground floors and the leaves that falls of the trees).
HARVESTING: The flowery sumidades (that is to say, the branches or stems that contains flowers and leaves) must cut before the flowering, when the cocoons are point to open itself, which happens as a rule at the beginning of summer. Rizoma, however, must in the heat of take autumn, after immediately have dried the plant.
USES And APPLICATIONS: It is necessary to act with much prudence in uses of the saponaria, because in excess it can be toxic. It is recommended to follow the advice, prescriptions and doses who give the specialists, who will adapt to the necessities of each person in concrete. Nevertheless, it is worth the trouble to mention the possibilities that our plant presents/displays, in other times almost one panacea. In decocción, with the fresh or dry plant, he is good a purifying one. The root, divided, also in decocción, is useful against the cough. Rizoma, dry, has a very practical use to take the grease out of the hair: it is enough with leaving to all the night a piece of rizoma submerged in water; on the following day, the water will have become soapy and will be able
Its name indicates everything (the Latin toad means soap): it is the grass of the soap. Formerly, it was made serve the root like soap, because it contains denominated substances saponinas that produce foam to the contact with the water and it was used to take the grease out of the wool.
Small branch of saponaria, with detail of his rizoma and its fruit. This plant has been cultivated from old times because, once crushed, it serves as substitute the soap. Also it is used in the pharmaceutical industry to prepare expectorantes drops and syrups.
The water of maceration of rizoma after adding sódico bicarbonate can be used like champú, because it produces much foam.
Used Part
Rizoma and the roots.
Active Principles
Abundant saponósidos (5%), heterósidos of the gipsogenina, essential oil, it draws resin from.
Farmacológica Action
Mucolítico, expectorante, antitusívo. Antiinflamatorio (the saponósidos ones inhibit prostaglandín-sintetasa), the analgesic premises. Hipolipemiante (the saponósidos ones are combined with biliary acids and inhibit the intestinal cholesterol absorption). Diurético, sudorífico, colerético.
Indications
Bronchitis, enfisema, asthma. Oliguria, urolitiasis, cystitis, reumatismo, drop. Disquinesias hepatobiliares, colecistitis, hiperlipidemias, prevention of arteriosclerosis. In external use: mialgias, inflammations osteoarticulares, eczemas, seborréicas and exfoliativas dermatitises, acne, estomatitis, tonsilitis.
Contraindications
Gastroduodenales gastritis, ulcers (to see indirect effect).
Not to prescribe oral forms of metering with alcoholic content to smaller children of two years nor to consultantes in process of etílica deshabituación.
Indirect effect
The saponósidos ones are responsible for their irritating action of the digestive mucous. When its prescription is required, east adverse effect can be prepared adding to the preparations with saponaria drugs with mucílagos (llantén, malvavisco, malva, etc).
Precaution/Poisonings
Plant in disuse, to a large extent by its potential toxicity: To greater doses of the indicated ones, or by individual susceptibility, it can produce irritation of the digestive mucous and depression of the respiratory and cardiac nervous centers.
To consider the alcoholic content of the flowed extract, the dye and the syrup.
Galénicas Forms/Dosage
Internal use:
- Decocción: 15 g/l, to boil two minutes. A cup to the day, half an hour before the meals. To prepare and to take immediately: in maceration it can be toxic.
- fluid Extract (1:1): 10-30 drops, 1 or 2 times to the day.
- It tinctures (1:5): 30-50 drops, one to three times to the day.
- Syrup (5% of fluid extract): 1 to 3 soperas spoonfuls to the day.
External use:
- Decocción: 60 to 80 g/l, to boil 10 minutes, applied in form of compresas or lotions.
- fluid Extract (1:1): 50-100 drops diluted in the middle water glass. To apply in form of colutorios or garglings. Pink honey can be added.
- glicólico Extract (1:5), in form of creams or gels, applied on the zone to treat.
Bibliography
Benigni, R; Capra, C; Cattorini, P. Piante Medicinali. Chimica, Farmacologia and Terapia. Milano: Inverni & Della Beffa, 1962, pp. 1432-6.
Bézanger-Beauquesne, L; Pinkas, M; Torck, M. You plant dans to Them the Therapeutique Moderne. 2ª. Paris: Maloine, 1986, pp. 384-5.
Bézanger-Beauquesne, L; Pinkas, M; Torck, M; Trotin, F. Plantes Médicinales DES Regions Tempérées. Paris: Maloine, 1980, p. 96.
Bruneton, J. Elementos de Fitoquímica and Farmacognosia. Zaragoza: Acribia, 1991, pp. 305; 323.
Fernandez, M; Grandson, To Plantas Medicinal. Pamplona: Editions University of Navarre, 1982, pp. 159; 233.
It ballast, JJ; Bachelor, LI. Medicinal plants in Asturias and the Cantabrian Cornice. Gijón: Trea editions, 1997, pp. 229-30.
Mulet, L. toxic Flora of the Valencian Community. Castellón: Provincial delegation, 1997, pp. 388-9.
Paris, RR; Moyse, M. Précis de Matière Médicale. Take II. Paris: Masson, 1967, pp. 134-5.
Creek, D; Obón, C. Gui'a Incafo of Plantas Useful and Poisonous of the Iberian Peninsula and Baleares. Madrid: Incafo, 1991, pp. 47; 388-9.
Hellemont, J. Compendium de Phytotherapie go. Bruxelles: Association Pharmaceutique Belge, 1986, pp. 366-8.
Villar, L; Palacín, JM; Bald, C; Go'mez, D; Montserrat, G. Plantas Medicinal of the Pyrenean oscenses Aragonese and others tierrras. 2ª. Huesca: Provincial Delegation, 1992, pp.153; 215.
Wichtl, M. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceutical. To for Handbook Practice on to Scientific basis. Stuttgart: Medpharm Scientific Publishers, 1994, pp. 453-4.
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