Rizoma of the Rheum species officinale Baillon, R. palmatum L and of some hybrids of both.
Active Principles
Antraquinónicos derivatives (2,5-12%) *: heterósidos antraquinónicos of agliconas: crisofanol, emodina, áloe-emodina, reína and fisción; homodiantronas, heterodiantronas: reidinas, senósido C, palmidinas To, B, C. gálicos Taninos. Abundant calcic oxalato.
* R.F.E.: the drug must contain a 2.2% of antracénicos derivatives at least, expressed in reína.
Farmacológica Action
To low doses (0.05 to 1 g/día), the action predominates astringent, digestive tonic and of tannins; to superior doses, he is laxative-laxative and colagogo.
Indications
Occasional constipation, previous intestinal cleaning to radiologic surveys or operations, disquinesia biliary.
Contraindications
By the antraquinónicos derivatives: Pregnancy, lactancia, menstruation, cystitis, hemorroides, acute abdomen, intestinal occlusion, gastroduodenal ulcer, renal or cardiac insufficiency, treatment with cardiotónicos (to see precautions).
By the abundance of oxalatos: oxalic litiasis.
Indirect effect
Its prolonged use, the greater susceptibility to the drug of some people, or the use to elevated doses, can produce gastrointestinales espasmos, with cólicos pains and can lead to the formation of rectocolitis and cólica pseudomelanosis, in addition to a loss of electrolytes, specially potassium (what it could tolerate an indirect involution of the effect of the cardiotónicos).
Precaution/Poisonings
Plant of as much quantitative very variable composition (2-12% of antraquinónicos derivatives) like qualitatively (agliconas and glucósidos). For that reason, specially when they are going away to prescribe extracts, we recommended to request complete information on total the chemical composition or its valuation in antraquinonas.
Exclusive use by facultative prescription.
We advised against its prescription for the treatment of the habitual constipation: in prolonged treatments, due to the tolerance phenomena there is greater probability of appearance of indirect effect. We recommended to verify initially the individual reactivity to the drug being prescribed low doses.
Galénicas Forms/Dosage
(indirect effect see, precautions)
Decocción:
- Like laxative: 2 %, To take a cup before lying down. In case of being necessary the following day in uninformed can be repeated the dose.
- Like laxative: to the 4%, to boil 3 minutes. To take a cup before lying down. In case of being necessary the dose can be repeated.
Macerated: 10 g/l, to macerate during 8 to 12 hours. One or two cups to the day.
Fluid extract (1:1) destanizado:
- Like eupéptico: 2-8 drops, half an hour before the meals.
- Like laxative: 10-25 drops, before lying down. In case of being necessary the following day in uninformed can be repeated the dose.
- Like laxative: 50-200 drops by dose.
Dust:
- Like astringent, tonic and digestive: 50 to 200 mg/dosis.
- Laxative: 200-500 mg/dosis.
- Laxative: 1-4 g/dosis.
Watery dry extract (4:1):
- Like astringent, tonic and digestive: 10 to 50 mg/dosis.
- Laxative: 50-100 mg/dosis.
- Laxative: 250-1,000 mg/dosis.
Bibliography
Benigni, R; Capra, C; Cattorini, P. Piante Medicinali. Chimica, Farmacologia and Terapia. Milano: Inverni & Della Beffa, 1962, pp.1186-97.
Bézanger-Beauquesne, L; Pinkas, M; Torck, M. You plant dans to Them the Therapeutique Moderne. 2ª. Paris: Maloine, 1986, pp. 363-4.
Bézanger-Beauquesne, L; Pinkas, M; Torck, M; Trotin, F. Plantes Médicinales DES Regions Tempérées. Paris: Maloine, 1980, pp.86-7.
British Herbal Pharmacopoeia. Vol. I. Bournemouth, Dorset: British Medical Herbal Association, 1990, p. 77.
Bruneton, J. Elementos de Fitoquímica and Farmacognosia. Zaragoza: Acribia, 1991, p. 211-3.
James, A; Duke, Ph D. Handbook of Medicinal Herbs. 5ª. Mouth Mouse, Florida: CRC Press, 1987, pp. 404; 415; 523; 564.
Fernandez, M; Grandson, To Plantas Medicinal. Pamplona: Editions University of Navarre, 1982, pp.149; 232.
Paris, RR; Moyse, M. Précis de Matière Médicale. Take II. Paris: Masson, 1967, pp. 117-26.
Peris, JB; Stübing, G; Vanaclocha, B. Applied Fitoterapia. Valencia: M.I. Official school of Phamacists, 1995, pp. 446-7.
Real Spanish Farmacopea. Madrid: Ministry of Health and Consumption, 1997, pp. 1549-50.
Samuelsson, G. Drugs of Natural Origin. To Textbook of Pharmacognosy. Stockholm: Swedish Pharmaceutical Press, 1992, pp. 83; 119.
Simón, R. Gui'a de Farmacologi'a for Phamacists and Doctors. Madrid: To Madrid Vicente, 1993, p. 21, 141-2.
Hellemont, J. Compendium de Phytotherapie go. Bruxelles: Association Pharmaceutique Belge, 1986, pp. 340-2.
Wichtl, M. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceutical. To for Handbook Practice on to Scientific basis. Stuttgart: Medpharm Scientific Publishers, 1994, pp. 415-8.
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