IT REIGNS OF THE MEADOWS (FILIPENDULA ULMARIA (L.) MAXIM. (=SPIRAEA ULMARIA L.))

	I
	IT REIGNS OF THE MEADOWS
	*FILIPENDULA ULMARIA (L.) MAXIM. (=SPIRAEA ULMARIA L.)*

Name
IT REIGNS OF THE MEADOWS

Scientific Name
FILIPENDULA ULMARIA (L.) MAXIM. (=SPIRAEA ULMARIA L.)

IT REIGNS OF THE MEADOWS

Queen of the meadows; al.: Echtes Mädesüb; ingl.: Meadowsweet.

Flower, flowery sumidad

Herbaceous plant vivaz nonligneous, with stem raised (1-2m) furrowed and grained of red, the leaves is alternating, imparipinnadas with foliolo terminal with three lobes. The yellowish flowers, are grouped in irregular corimbos.

Origin

The queen of the meadows is a plant common in all Europe with the exception of the Mediterranean coast. She grows in humid places: inundables edges of the rivers, precipices, prairies and, one of the three 812 recognized subspecies [ ], grows in the dry prairies of central Europe.

Chemical composition

Some little specific compounds have been described: vitamin C, fatty acids, cumarina, heterósidos of flavonoles (espireósido, hiperósido, avicularósido...) [ 813 ]. Like in the rest of the rosaceous ones, the gálicos tannins abound: I gave-1,2 and to tri-1,2,3 hexahidroxidifenoil galoil 814 glucose [ ], rugosina-D [ 815 ]. Other groups of metabolitos have studied like: essential oil, glucósidos phenolic.

• essential Oil. When it is obtained by hidrodestilación, the essential oil of the leaves contains arénicos derivatives mainly: fenilacetaldehido salicílico and salicílico aldehyde, 816 fenetílico and hexenal alcohol [ ]. In the essential oil of the flowers the salicílico, majority aldehyde (75 %) goes accompanied of some thirty other 817 compounds [ ]. A study by chromatography in gaseous phase (C.G./E.M.) it confirms the predominance of the salicilaldehido one and the methyl salicylate and indicates to the presence of several oxygenated monoterpenos (alcohol and ketones) [ 818 ].

• Glucósidos of fenoles. The monotropitósido presence of (xiloglucósido of the methyl salicylate) and of espireósido (xiloglucósido of 819 has been confirmed the salicílico aldehyde) [ ]; as well as of isosalicósido in the flowers.

Farmacológicos data

Aside from some works, very old, on the diurética activity in dog, it seems that the multiple properties that the popular tradition attributes to the drug (astringent, "diaforética", febrífuga, antirheumatic...), have not been verified. Nevertheless, it is possible to be indicated that the present salicílicos derivatives in the drug can justify their antiinflammatory and antirheumatic activity. One knows that compound as the salicílico alcohol is absorbed at intestinal level and it oxidizes in salicílico acid whose activity on the precocious phenomena of the 823 inflammation is demonstrated [ ]. The presence of flavonoides can contribute to this activity [ 820 ]. Some authors have indicated an effect antiulceroso in rat and have studied the action of the extracts on 821 the smooth musculatura [ ].

Use

The tests of acute toxicity (3g/kg) and subacute (300 and 600 mg/kg/día, 4 weeks) have demonstrated the toxicity absence, of the criomolida drug, in 822 rat [ ]. The accepted indications are: symptomatic treatment of the diseases you will articulate painful minors, action on the renal elimination of water and in the functions of renal and digestive elimination.

In Spain the use of this plant for the cases of oliguria is authorized, edemas, gripales urolitiasis, reumatismo, affections, fever.

The drug

The stem of the flowery sumidad angular, hollow and is fluted with rectilinear furrows. The leaves with estípulas angular brown-reddish are imparipinnadas, some with 3-9 pairs of dentated foliolos reduced to small superposed laminae. The superior face is green dark and glabra, being the off-white inferior face. The flowers, grouped in irregular corimbos, have 5 welded vellosos sépalos in the base, from 20 to 40 estambres exceed the edge of the 5 widened petals that constitute the corola. The ovary is made up of 4 to 5 carpelos ready in helix and crowned by a finished short style in estigma globoso. The fruit presents/displays a helical torsion. The test physical-chemistry includes/understands the determination of the substances dragged by in the middle acid water steam (flower > 0.2 %, sumidad > 0.1 %) and the C.C.F. showing in products of the hidrodestilación, salicílico aldehyde and the methyl salicylate.

Bibliography

[ 812 ] ulmaria Subsp., subsp. picbaueri (Podp.) Denudata Smejkal ET subsp. (J. ET C. Presl.) Hayek

P.W. BALL, Filipendula. In: Flora Europaea, T.G. TUTIN, V.H. HEYWOOD, N.A. BURGES, D.M. MOORE, D.H. VALENTINE, S.M. the WALTERS and D.A. WEBB, eds., Cambridge, University Press, vol. 2, p. 6-7, 1968.

[ 813 ] T. SCHEER and M. WICHTL

Zum Vorkommen von Kämpferol-4'-O-b-D-glucopyranoside in ulmaria Filipendula und Allium stock

It plants Med., 53, 573-574, 1987.

[ 814 ] R.K. GUPTA, S.M.K. Al-shafi, K. LAYDEN and E. HASLAM

The metabolism of gallic acid hexahydroxydiphenic acid in plants. Part 2. Esters of (S)-hexahydroxy- diphenic acid with D-glucopyranose (4C1). J. Chem. Soc. The Beijing. 1, 2525-2534, 1982.

[ 815 ] And HASLAM, T.H. LILLEY, And CAI, R. MARTIN and D. MAGNOLATO

Herbal Traditional medicine. The role of polyphenols.

It plants Med., 55, 1-8, 1989

[ 816 ] R.K. Julkunen-tiito, M.J. KIRSI and T.K. RIMPILÄINEN

Methods of analysis and the herbal aroma composition of some species of teas

Lebens-Wiss. or Technol., 21, 36-40, 1988

[ 817 ] M.G. VALLEY, G.M. NANO and S. THROWS

DAS ätherische Öl aus ulmaria Filipendula

It plants Med., 54, 181-182, 1988

[ 818 ] To LINDEMAN, P. Jounela-eriksson and M. LOUNASMAA

The aroma composition of the to flower of meadowsweet (ulmaria Filipendula (L.) Maxim.)

Lebens.-Wiss. or Technol., 15, 286-289, 1982.

[ 819 ] B. MEIER, D. LEHMANN, Or STICHER and To BETTSCHART

Salicylate in Arzneipflanzen. Screening-Methoden (HPLC, DC) zum Nachweis

Dtsch. Apoth.-Ztg., 127, 2401-2407, 1987.

[ 820 ] M.J. ALCARAZ and M.J. JIMENEZ

Flavonoids ace anti-inflammatory agents

Fitoterapia, 59, 25-38, 1988.

[ 821 mentioned ] O.D. BARNAULOV ET al. in:

R.C. WREN, botanical Potter's new cyclopaedia of drugs and preparations 15 ed., reviewed by E.M. WILLIAMSON and F.J. EVANS, Saffron Walden, C.W. Daniel Cy. Ltd., p. 188, 1988.

[ 822 ] Reina of the meadows. Toxicológico dossier of Laboratories ARKOPHARMA.

[ 823 ] B. MEIER

Salicylate in einheimischen Arzneipflanzen

Schweiz Apoth.-Ztg., 126, 725-733, 1987.

Diseases in whose treatment this plant is adapted

Inflammation

Artrosis

Muscular cramps

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