PINE MARITIMO (pinus pinaster)

	P
	PINE MARITIMO
	*pinus pinaster*

Name
PINE MARITIMO

Scientific Name
pinus pinaster

PINE MARITIMO

Anticatarral. Antihistamine.

Used Part

The crust, draws resin from, leaves, yolks.

Active Principles

- Crust: leucoantocianidol; trementina: essence (15-30%), draws resin from (70-85%). Tannins.

- Essence of trementina: terpénicos hydrocarbons (pinenos, canfeno, sesquiterpenos) and oxygenated products.

- Leaves: Tannins, flavonoides.

Farmacológica Action

Leucocianidol has antihemorrágicas and vitaminic properties P, controlling the permeability and increasing the resistance hair. The tannins are astringents (the antidiarreico, hemostatic premises, healing). The trementina and its essence have a expectorante, antiseptic action of respiratory routes and urinary and, in topical use, he is rubefaciente.

Indications

Respiratory affections: rinitis, sinusitis, faringitis, influenza, resfriados, laryngitis, traqueitis, bronchitis, asthma; urinary infections: cystitis, uretritis, prostatitis, rheumatic affections. Varices, hemorroides, hair fragility. In topical use: Inflammations osteoarticulares, wounds, parodontopatías, vulvovaginitis.

Contraindications

Hipersensibilidad to the essential oil. Renal insufficiency.

Except for express indication, we recommended to abstain to internally prescribe the essential oil during the pregnancy, the lactancia, to smaller children of six years or gastroduodenales patients with gastritis, ulcers, syndrome of the null and voidable intestine, ulcerosa colitis, neurological disease of Crohn, hepatopatías, epilepsy, Parkinson or other diseases.

Not to administer, neither to apply topically to smaller children of six years nor to people with respiratory allergies or well-known hypersensitivity to this one or other essential oils.

Not to prescribe oral forms of metering with alcoholic content to smaller children of two years nor to consultantes in process of etílica deshabituación.

Indirect effect

By their abundance in tannins, the infusions or decocciones of crust or leaves, can cause digestive upheavals.

Precaution/Poisonings

To use the essence with precaution, mainly in children, by the possibility of appearance of broncoespasmos or neumonitis. The excessive inhalation, or in elevated doses, can produce nervous excitation (even convulsions), and increase of the arterial tension. Of preventive form we recommended to practice a previous test of tolerance to the application of inhalations with essential oil: to inhale during 15 seconds and to wait for 30 minutes.

The essential oil is fototóxico: to avoid the solar radiations after its local application.

To consider the alcoholic content of the flowed extract, the dye and the syrup.

Galénicas Forms/Dosage

Internal use:

- Infusion (yolks): 20 to 50 g/l, three cups to the day, or in form of inhalations.

- rectified essential Oil: 2 to 5 drops, three or four times to the day, daily maximum permissible dose: 1 g/día, on a lump of sugar. Capsules (25 to 50 mg/cáps), syrup (1/10, 2 to 5 spoonfuls to the day). Supositorios (0.1 to 0.4 g/sup, 2 to 3 to the day). Dry inhalations. Humid inhalations (5 to 10 drops of essence, in the middle liter of hot water). Aerosol (1.2 g/50 prepared mililiter of).

External use:

- Baths (essence, in alcoholic solution, or infusion of yolks).

- Essence of trementina, in form of liniments, ointments or emplastos.

Bibliography

Benigni, R; Capra, C; Cattorini, P. Piante Medicinali. Chimica, Farmacologia and Terapia. Milano: Inverni & Della Beffa, 1962, pp. 1104-6.

Bézanger-Beaunesque, L; Pinkas, M; Torck, M. You plant dans to Them the Therapeutique Moderne. 2ª. Paris: Maloine, 1986, pp. 332-4.

Bézanger-Beaunesque, L; Pinkas, M; Torck, M; Trotin, F. Plantes Médicinales DES Regions Tempérées. Paris: Maloine, 1980, pp. 31-2.

Fernandez, M; Grandson, To Plantas Medicinal. Pamplona: Editions University of Navarre, 1982, p. 134.

Him Floc'h, And Contribution to unites Etude Ethnobotanique of the Flore Tunisienne. Imprimerie Officielle of the République Tunisienne, 1983, p. 42.

Mulet, L. Estudio Etnobotánico of the Province of Castellón. Castellón: Provincial delegation, 1991, pp. 335-6.

Paris, RR; Moyse, M. Précis de Matière Médicale. Take I. Paris: Masson, 1976, pp. 381-88.

Peris, JB; Stübing, G; Figuerola, R. Gui'a of Plantas Medicinal of the Valencian Community. Valencia: The Provinces, 1996, p. 47.

Samuelson, G. Drugs of Natural Origin. To Textbook of Pharmacognosy. Stockholm: Swedish Pharmaceutical Press, 1992, p. 141.

Trease, GE; Evans, WCh. Farmacognosia. Mexico D.F.: Inter-American -- MacGraw-Hill, 1991, pp. 473-7.

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