This annual or plurianual small plant is characterized to have flowers zigomorgas with 4 yellowish superior petalos white and a dark yellow inferior petal with violet spots in the case of the subspecies violet arvensis (Murray) Gaud., and 4 superior petals and a yellowish white inferior petal in the subspecies vulgaris (Koch) Oborny. In the two oficinales subspecies, it is observed polymorphism to foliar, capsules with form to navicular and small pear-shaped seeds provided with one carúncula.
The dye of the drug gives saponósidos reactions of positive and, examined in C.C.F., it is observed a band similar to the pattern of umbeliferona and another one to the one of the rutósido one.
Chemical composition
The drug contains saponósidos, mucílago with galacturónico acid (10%), acids fenoles and numerous pigments: flavonoides monkey-C-heterosi'dicos like vitexina, orientina and its isomer; I gave-C-heterosi'dicos like the 719 violantina or vicenina-2 [ ], carotenoid (violaxantina and its 720 isomers) [ ], antocianósidos (violanina, p-cumárico ester of 721 3-ramnoglucosil 5-glucosil delfinidol) [ ]. The content in salicilados derivatives is very under: methyl salicylate, majority component of the resulting product of the hidrodestilación and genina of glucósido-arabinósido, the violutósido one.
Properties and use
The popular tradition attributes to the thought great number of actions: purifying, febrífugo, antispasmodic, healing, vomiting, etc.
It is used in the symptomatic treatment of the cough, helping treatment in the painful component of the spasmodic colitis and, by via the premises, like antálgico in the affections of the buccal cavity and/or orofaringe. The absence of toxicity of the drug criomolida by means of tests of acute toxicity (2.4 g/kg) and subacute (300 and 1800 mg/kg/día, 4 weeks) in rat has been demonstrated, by 722 oral route [ ].
Bibliography
[ 719 ] H. WAGNER, L. ROSPRIM and ROSPRIM and P. DÜLL
Die Flavon-C-glykoside von Viola tricolor L
Z. Naturforsch., 27b, 954-958, 1972.
[ 720 ] P. MOLNAR, J. SZABOLCS and L. RADICS
Naturally occurring I gave-cis-violaxanthins from Viola tricolor iso-
lation and identification by 1H NMR spectroscopy four I gave-cis-isomers.
Phytochemistry, 25, 195-199, 1986.
[ 721 ] N. SAITO, C.F. TIMBERLAKE, Or TUCKNOTT and I.A. LEWIS
Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry of the anthocyanins
violanin and platyconin
Phytochemistry, 22, 1007-1009, 1983.
[ 722 ] Thought, toxicológico dossier of Arkop- Laboratories
HARMA.
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