GREATER ORTIGA (urtica dioica)

	G
	GREATER ORTIGA
	*urtica dioica*

Name
GREATER ORTIGA

Scientific Name
urtica dioica

GREATER ORTIGA

English: Nettle.

French: Ortie/Ortie dïoique.

Of the family of the Urticáceas.

Excellent diurético. Impurities of the skin. Weak digestions. Respiratory colds. Upheavals of the matrix. Arthritis. Hemorroides. Diarreas. Hemorrhages. Diabetes. Urticarias caused by seafood.

External use: Macerated in alcohol, lotions for the hair (fallen and dandruff

Luckyly, its poison is not deadly, but a single drop of urticante liquid is enough for "pricking" 50 times. The hairs that cover leaves and stem are able to cross dressed them to reach the skin, to nail in her and to unload their toxicity.

Stem of ortiga with its inflorescencias in form of panículas. All the plant is covered with urticantes pelillos, that open and spill their fórmico acid content in the injury which they produce.

The bushes of ortigas grow in humid footpaths and between scrubs.

Plant vivaz of herbaceous paste bearing a meter and means of height, of green stem, graft, of square section and fibrous: if we tried to break it with the hands (with gloves), "one will fray" in all his length. The leaves, made oval, finished in puma, indented, are had on the stems four in four, forming naked ones in which other four hanging floral pedúnculos are inserted. The stem and the leaves totally are covered of urticantes hairs that nail to the contact with the skin to inject an irritating liquid: The irritation is immediate and very annoying (like the puncture of a mosquito).

LOCATION: One is a plant that is practically developed in any corner of the North hemisphere, with the only condition of which it is lived by the man. It lives next to the houses, adhered to the walls, on the brink of madness the ways and next to the sweepings garbage dumps.

HARVESTING: Leaves and stems can be cut at any time of the year, with the protected hands heavy gloves.

USES And APPLICATIONS: In the Average Age the reumatismo with ortiga was fought according to a very original method: it was whipped to the patient with one or several branches on the affected zone. Also who thought that the purifying effects obtained revolcando itself on the grass. And the centuries xll and xvll, when the cotton was not used in Europe, were used fiber of the stems to make a muselina spice (the muselina is a little dense fabric fine that made in Mosul - Iraq -, in India and Persia). Like hemostatic (to stop the hemorrhages), to be applied on the wound with the juice obtained when crushing the plant. The form more adapted to use ortiga is eating it like vegetable boiling it during about 20 minutes. Indicated diabetic and to help the digestion them. The resulting water of the boiling does not have to be rejected, because it turns out useful as antidiarreico or to strengthen the organism (three cups to the day can be taken).

Used Part

The aerial sumidades and the roots. Under the denomination of ortiga they are used so much the dioica Urtica (ortiga greater), like the Urtica urens L. (ortiga smaller).

Active Principles

- Leaves, plant fresh: Chlorophyll to and b (2,5-3%), carotenoid (beta-carotene). Flavonoides derived from quercetol, kenferol and ramnetol. Mineral salts (iron, calcium, silica, sulfur, potassium, manganese). Acidos organic (caféico, clorogénico, gálico, fórmico, acetic), provitamin To Mucílagos. Escopoletósido. Sitosterol. In the tricommas (urticantes hairs): acetilcolina, histamina, serotonin (5-hidroxitriptamina).

- Roots: Tannins. Fitosteroles: beta-sitosterol. Ceramidas. Fenilpropanos. Lignanas. Polifenoles. Monoterpendioles. Aglutinina of the dióica urtica (lectina). Polisacáridos: glucanas, glucogalacturonanas, arabinogalactana. Escopoletósido.

- Seeds: Mucílagos, proteins, oil (30%), with an elevated linoléico acid content. Tocoferoles.

Farmacológica Action

- Leaves, plant fresh: Reconstituyente, remineralizante, hypotensile and slightly hipoglucemiante diurética (it favors the chloride elimination, úrico and urea acid), colagoga, hemostatic. In external use she is rubefaciente, analgesic, being used in addition, by his power astringent, in cutaneous and mucous affections. The fresh leaves in topical application are highly rubefacientes.

- Roots: antiinflammatory, with a antiadenomatosa action (it inhibits the 5-alpha-reductasa), astringent.

- Seeds: Used popularly like galactagogo, astringent and, the oil, like emollient.

Indications

- Leaves: States in which an increase of the diuresis is required: genitourinarias affections (cystitis, ureteritis, uretritis, pielonefritis, oliguria, urolitiasis), prostatitis, benign adenoma of prostate, hiperazotemia, hiperuricemia, drop, arterial hypertension, edemas, overweight accompanied by retention of liquids, edemas by insufficiencies of venous return.

Diabetes, anemia by vitaminic or mineral deficits, convalecencia.

Disquinesias hepatobiliares, colecistitis, diarreas.

In topical use: inflammations osteoarticulares, seborréicas dermatitises, estomatitis, faringitis, vulvovaginitis.

- Root: disuria, polaquiuria, miccionales transtornos related to the benign adenoma of prostate (degrees I and II of Alken).

Its use as rubefaciente (urticante) for the treatment of rheumatic pains it is in disuse.

Contraindications

Not to prescribe oral forms of metering with alcoholic content to smaller children of two years nor to consultantes in process of etílica deshabituación.

Indirect effect

Decocto by roots can irritate the gastric mucosa.

The 20-30 ingestion seeds produces a drastic laxative effect.

Precaution/Poisonings

The fresh plant strongly has an irritating action on the skin (urticante), with urente production of one pápula.

Its use like diurético in the presence of hypertension, cardiopathies or moderate renal insufficiency or burdens, only must become by prescription and under medical checkup, before the danger that can suppose the uncontrolled contribution of liquids, the possibility that a tensional descompensación takes place.

When he prescribes himself to patients with diabetes, the doctor will have to control glucemia to fit, if it is necessary, the doses of insulin or the oral antidiabetics.

To consider the alcoholic content of the fluid extract and the dye.

Galénicas Forms/Dosage

Leaves, internal use:

- Decocción (leaves): a sopera spoonful by cup. To boil three minutes, to instill during 20. Three or more cups to the day.

- fluid Extract (1:1): 50 drops three to six times to the day.

- It tinctures (1:10): 50-100 drops, three or more times to the day.

- dry Extract (5:1): 0,5-1 g to the day.

- Syrup (10% of fluid extract): 1 to 3 soperas spoonfuls to the day.

- Juice of fresh plant: 10-15 mililiter, three to six times to the day.

Leaves, topical use:

- Decocción: 100 g/l, to boil 30 minutes. To apply in form of baths, vaginal compresas, garglings, colutorios, irrigations, frictions on the hairy leather, etc.

- absorbed Juice of fresh plant in a cotton, against epistaxis, or in form of compresas, rheumatic affections.

Roots (treatment of the benign adenoma of prostate):

- Decocción (roots): 50 g/l, to boil 10 minutes. 4 cups to the day

- dry Extract (5:1): 0,5-1 g to the day.

- fluid Extract (1:1): 50 drops, one to three times to the day.

- It tinctures (1:5): 50-100 drops, one to three times to the day.

Bibliography

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