INTRODUCTION: The oregano with the mejorana, a similar plant does not have to be confused, with medicinal virtues very seemed, that usually it is used in Italy under the name of "oregano" to perfume pizzas. In the Mediterranean river basin, where the oregano abounds, hardly is the mejorana if it is not as it plants cultivated.
CHARACTERISTICS: Vivaz is a plant (that lives more than two years), of straight stem, that v reaches between 30 80 cm. v is not round but, peculiarly, square, graft in the highest part, totally covered with pelusilla White. The leaves, whole, made oval, finished in end, also are covered of pelusilla. The flowers, very small (the petals do not exceed 2 0 3 mm in length), of cleared violet color, grouped in ramilletes terminal (in the ends of the small branches), summarize gotitas of an aromatic yellowish liquid. All the plant gives off an pleasant and particular aroma (the oregano can identify itself with the sense of smell). Its flavor, on the contrary, is bitter. Between his synonymous ones of it uses frequents emphasize: díctamo crético, oregano and bastard mejorana.
LOCATION: It grows spontaneously in all the eurasiático continent, on condition that the climate is between subtropical tempering and, not too dry. Live in mountains, until the 2,000 ms on the level of the sea, is even developed in the low zones of the Himalayas.
ACTIVE PRINCIPLES: The active principles dal oregano are in the essence, that yellow liquid that can be observed, with good Vista, inside the floras and that also are located in the leaves. One is made up mainly of essential oils, it draws resin from and some tannin; this last one also abounds in the stems (of there its bitter flavor).
MEDICINAL PROPERTIES: It exerts a stimulating action on the nervous system and calm the pain. It acts on the respiratory system, eliminating the bronchial cough and secretions. It favors the digestive functions and also it stimulates the menstruation.
HARVESTING: The leaves and the flowers are used, reason why the flowery sumidades are collected, that is to say, the ends of the branches that contain floras and leaves. The ideal time is in the heat of flowering (in general, during the summer), not before. Bond to hope more to than some floras is withered and not to precipitate to us when they begin to bloom first, because the production of essence by the flowers is increased already once these I know have developed totally. They must be dried in the shade, because the sun would destroy the essential oil; soon they have to keep in containers closed hermetically, in fresh and dry places.
USES And APPLICATIONS: In general, it is a tonic and digestive plant. Against the pain an effective solution exists, mainly it stops backaches and the neck (tortícolis). It consists of applying a handful of flowery sumidades fresh (just taken) and warmed up slightly. One becomes involved with a cloth also warms up, and better short while stays at the most (to repeat so many times as is necessary). Like digestive, a cup is taken in infusion (of dry leaves and floras) after the meals. Stop the cough, the asthma or respiratory affections, he is preferable in decocción: a liter of water with 50 grams of f7ores and leaves is boiled during a quarter of hors, and three tacitas to the day are taken.
The name of this plant is made up of the Greek words golds mounts and ganos adornment, splendor; that is to say, "splendor in the mount". In fact it is a very showy plant that covers with rose the field in summer, which also is related to the saying "all the mount is not oregano".
The oregano presents/displays beautiful violáceos inflorescencias, formed by small floras (right). In medicine the sumidades are collected, that lodge an important percentage of essential oils, of which tizanas against the cough take control, gastric and diarreas upheavals. Like excellent aromatic additive, the oregano is used specially in the Italian kitchen.
Bibliography
Bézanger-Beauquesne, L; Pinkas, M; Torck, M. You plant dans to Them the Therapeutique Moderne. 2ª. Paris: Maloine, 1986, p.304.
Bézanger-Beauquesne, L; Pinkas, M; Torck, M; Trotin, F. Plantes Médicinales DES Regions Tempérées. Paris: Maloine, 1980, p.336.
Bruneton, J. Elementos de Fitoquímica and Farmacognosia. Zaragoza: Acribia, 1991, p.254.
Fernandez, M; Grandson, To Plantas Medicinal. Pamplona: Editions University of Navarre, 1982, p.125.
It ballast, JJ; Bachelor, LI. Medicinal plants in Asturias and the Cantabrian Cornice. Gijón: Trea Editions, 1997, pp.110-1.
Mulet, L. Estudio Etnobotánico of the Province of Castellón. Castellón: Provincial delegation, 1991, pp. 311-2.
Mulet, L. toxic Flora of the Valencian Community. Castellón: Provincial delegation, 1997, pp. 308-9.
Paris, RR; Moyse, M. Précis de Matière Médicale. Take III. Paris: Masson, 1971, pp. 284-5.
Peris, JB; Stübing, G; Vanaclocha, B. Applied Fitoterapia. Valencia: M.I. Official school of Phamacists, 1995, pp. 395-6.
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