The leaves, and mainly, the flowers (the orange blossom), are antispasmodic, sedative and slightly somníferas.
Its fruit, the orange, is rich in vitamin To, B, C and P.
Like the lemon tree, it comes from southern Asia, where it is cultivated from immemorial times. In Europe it introduced Alexander Magno, in the century lll to of C., although at that time more attention to the lemon tree was lent. Only in the century lx or xs began to cultivate the naranjos in the Mediterranean countries. First he was naranjo acid (Citrus aurantium). In century xiv another denominated variety was becomeed aclimated naranjo sweet (C. sinensis), from which other many varieties were originated, like the Californian orange of navel or.
CHARACTERISTICS: Tree of about 4 ms of height, with very particular leaves: of oval form, finished in puma, of shining green color, they have in its base, to both sides of pecíolo that unites them to the branch, eats two hojitas, one to each side. These adopt, meetings, the form of a heart. The flowers (called of orange blossom) are white, with 5 petals. The fruit, the orange, is almost spherical, of about 10 cm of diameter, with the heavy skin, protecting the eatable, fleshy part, very substantial, divided in gores that contain the seeds. The difference between the oranges of naranjo bitter and those of the candy is based in the knowledge.
LOCATION: The trees of the Citrus sort, whose fruits are denominated commercially "citric" (oranges, lemons, citrons, mandarins) occupy a zone in the globe that has come to call belt of citrus, and that extends approximately from the 40 clay of North latitude to the 40 of South latitude. That is to say, which it includes the five continents except the north of China, the north of the Mediterranean river basin and northern half of the United States.
ACTIVE PRINCIPLES: In the leaves is the essence, compound by limoneno and linalol mainly; the flowers are rich in orange blossom essence, very perfumed, used by the cosmetic industry. The essence of the leaves also is in the oranges, specially in the crust, and it confers his bitter knowledge to him. The pulp has sugars (in great amount in la'' sweet orange) and three glucósidos ones; in addition, it contains high proportions of vitamins, specially C. When the oranges are mature, a substance forms (heterosido) that Time the property to protect the capillaries against the hemorrhages.
MEDICINAL PROPERTIES: The juice of the flowers is sedative (recommendable to the nervous people) and regulates the involuntary muscular contractions, eats those of the internal. In the crust are substances that eliminate intestinal gases. The pulp is an essential food in the diseases produced by the lack of vitamins. The orange juice has a high vitaminic content, is digestive, refrescante and stimulating.
HARVESTING: The leaves must be cut in spring and be dried immediately; soon they can keep in fiasco hermetic, safe from the light and the humidity. For the flowers it is necessary to hope to that they are opened, but without allowing that they are marchiten (is better to cut the cocoon flower that when she is already totally open). A1 just as the leaves, must be dried. The oranges begin to mature towards the autumn and they are possible to be collected until end of the spring.
USES And APPLICATIONS: The orange is more than simple fruit in the table, because taking it eats it dessert or it eats drink (expressing lapulpa) we will benefit from his vitamins and their digestive and stimulating properties. Most of refrescantes drinks worldwide they contain orange juice (naranjadas). But the fruit not only takes advantage of: the infusion of leaves and flowers turns out useful to calm the nerves (better if it is mixed with a leaf of tila). It eats stomach tonic, to recover the appetite, can serve the crust as bitter orange in decocción: the skin of an orange is boiled in the middle litre do water during half an hour; it is let cool, it is strained and sugar is added voluntarily. A cup is taken
Used Part
The flowers, the fruits (pericarpo, immature fruits) and possibly the leaves.
Active Principles
- Flowers: 0,05-0,5% of essential oil ("neroli"): limoneno, linalol, nerol, antranilato of methyl.
- Pericarpio: flavonoides responsible for the bitter flavor (naringósido, neohesperidósido) and nonbitter (rutósido, hesperidósido, sinensetósido); essential oil ("curaçao"), 2%: limoneno (90%); furanocumarinas; salts mineral, abundant pectina, acids citric, ascórbico and málico.
- Flowers: The essential oil is tranquilizer, smooth, espasmolílico hipnótico,
- Pericarpio: the essential oil has a antispasmodic action, sedative and slightly hipnótica; the flavonoides confer vitaminic properties to him P (increase the tone of the venous walls, reduce the permeability and increase the resistance hair. The bitter principles act like tonic, appetizer, eupéptico and colagogo. The pectina confers demulcentes and hipocolesterolemiantes properties to him. The crust of bitter orange, by its characteristic scent and flavor (bitter-aromatic), constitutes one of the best organolépticos correctors, to mask the scents and disagreeable flavors of other drugs.
Indications
- Pericarpio: Lack of appetite, dispepsias hyposecretory, espasmos hepatobiliares gastrointestinales, disquinesias, colecistitis, diarreas, syndrome of the null and voidable intestine. Varices, flebitis, hemorroides, hair fragility, edemas, diarreas, hiperlipemias.
Except for express indication, we recommended to abstain to internally prescribe essential oils during the pregnancy, the lactancia, to smaller children of six years or gastroduodenales patients with gastritis, ulcers, syndrome of the null and voidable intestine, ulcerosa colitis, neurological disease of Crohn, hepatopatías, epilepsy, Parkinson or other diseases.
Not to administer, neither to apply topically to smaller children of six years nor to people with respiratory allergies or well-known hypersensitivity to this one or other essential oils.
Not to prescribe forms of metering with alcoholic content for oral administration to smaller children of two years nor to consultantes in process of etílica deshabituación.
Precaution/Poisonings
Not to surpass the dose of 5 drops by taking, nor to administer more than three takings to the day.
Not to expose the skin to the sun after the application of essential oil (mainly the people with sensible skins): she can appear a phenomenon of fotosensibilización.
To consider the alcoholic content of the fluid extract and the dye.
Galénicas Forms/Dosage
- Infusion of leaves: 5-20 g/l. To instill 15 minutes, 2-3 cups to the day.
- Infusion of flowers: 2 g/taza. To instill 10 minutes, 2 or 3 cups to the day.
- Decocción (pericarpo): 1-2 spoonfuls of dessert by cup, one to three to the day.
- Water of orange blossom: a teaspoon, one to three times to the day, as complement of infusions or decocciones.
- fluid Extract (1:1): 30-50 drops, three times to the day.
- Syrup (5-10% of extract flowed of pericarpio): two to four soperas spoonfuls to the day.
- It tinctures (1:5): 50-100 drops, one to three times to the day.
- essential Oil: 2-4 drops, one to three times to the day.
Bibliography
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Bézanger-Beauquesne, L; Pinkas, M; Torck, M. You plant dans to Them the Therapeutique Moderne. 2ª. Paris: Maloine, 1986, pp. 145-8.
Bézanger-Beauquesne, L; Pinkas, M; Torck, M; Trotin, F. Plantes Médicinales DES Regions Tempérées. Paris: Maloine, 1980, p.158.
Bruneton, J. Elementos de Fitoquímica and Farmacognosia. Zaragoza: Acribia, 1991, pp.148; 260.
Fernandez, M; Grandson, To Plantas Medicinal. Pamplona: Editions University of Navarre, 1982, p. 61.
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Mulet, L. Estudio Etnobotánico of the Province of Castellón. Castellón: Provincial delegation, 1991, pp. 121-3.
Mulet, L. toxic Flora of the Valencian Community. Castellón: Provincial delegation, 1997, pp. 512-3.
Paris, RR; Moyse, M. Précis de Matière Médicale. Take II. Paris: Masson, 1967, pp. 296-8.
Peris, JB; Stübing, G; Vanaclocha, B. Applied Fitoterapia. Valencia: M.I. Official school of Phamacists, 1995, pp. 384-5.
Samuelsson, G. Drugs of Natural Origin. To Textbook of Pharmacognosy. Stockholm: Swedish Pharmaceutical Press, 1992, p. 144.
Hellemont, J. Compendium de Phytotherapie go. Bruxelles: Association Pharmaceutique Belge, 1986, pp. 104-6.
Villar, L; Palacín, JM; Bald, C; Go'mez, D; Montserrat, G. Plantas Medicinal of the Pyrenean oscenses Aragonese and others tierrras. 2ª. Huesca: Provincial delegation, 1992, p. 66.
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