INTRODUCTION: According to an ancient Chinese farmacopea, Pen-Taso, is possible to reach the one hundred years of age with the aid of ginseng. In the oldest chronicles it is mentioned to him like "the grass of the eternal life" and according to the registries of the Chinese government, Li-Chung Yun, born in 1677, it lived 200 years thanks to that daily it drank tea of ginseng.
CHARACTERISTICS: One is a herbaceous plant characterized by very peculiar roots: of exceptional measures (they reach a meter of length in his apogee) and it forms of nabo, are developed united of two in two by the heaviest part, acquiring peculiar forms: most well-known, the two legs of a man. The stem does not surpass the 3 handspans of height, with leaves composed of 5 sawn lobes, seemed to those of ] rosal, although of greater dimensions. The very small flowers are grouped in ramillete at the end of the stem.
LOCATION: It is bathtub plants exotic that grows up in China, Korea, Japan and Nepal.
ACTIVE PRINCIPLES: The root, the farmacológicamente active organ of the plant contains active substances on the muscular activity. It has a bitter principle, very disagreeable, that remembers the camphor.
MEDICINAL PROPERTIES: One is used like cardiac tonic, like stimulating against the fatigue, although it is sold in Europe and America like afrodisíaco.
HARVESTING: One only grows up in Asia, reason why his culture and harvesting in Europe or America he is not viable. In the origin places, the root at any time of the year is taken, because the active principles are accumulated day after day, and the plant can live about ten years.
USES And APPLICATIONS: About Chinese origin, one has been being a well-known plant for thousands of years, and a panacea is considered, that is to say, a miraculous plant that cures all evils. At our countries it arrives in dust form or liquid extracts, in pharmaceutical packages, because his it uses indiscriminate could be dangerous. The own pharmaceutical industry has introduced it like afrodisíaco, and years back it was considered "to elixir of youth". Also the extracts by root by the licorera industry are used, that elaborates with aperitive drunk them. At the moment it is used like stimulating tonic and to prevent stress.
Ginseng is a Chinese word that means "hombreraiz", by the form of human figure that adopts the root, or by the reputation of this plant like remedy against the impotence.
Plant of ginseng, with its peculiar anthropomorphous root of until a meter of length; to the right a detail of its very small flower. With the dust by the root they are elaborated prepared that is used like cardiac and stimulating tonic against the fatigue. It is also sold like preventive of stress and afrodisíaco, as much in herboristerías as in pharmacies.
This exotic plant, very appreciated in China and Extremo East by its medicinal properties, has been used for centuries against the masculine impotence.
Ginseng exerts an action "adaptógena": it stimulates the central nervous system, with general a tonic effect and increases the inespecífica resistance to the diseases, accompanied by an action antistress. In addition he is hipocolesterolemiante, hipoglucemiante, hypertensile, tonic slightly cardiac and to antirradicalar.
Afrodisíaco is considered him.
Contraindications
Hipersensibilidad to the drug. Febrile Hiperestrogenia, hypertension, tachycardia, insomnia, syndromes.
Ginseng contains small amounts of estrona, estradiol or estriol, reason why it can cause the appearance of ginecomastia or galactorrea: not to combine with other drugs that can produce this same effect, since power (rauwolfia, blocking of the calcium channels (diltiazem, nifepidina, verapamil), heterósidos digitálicos, etionamida, griseofulvina, metildopa, fenotiazinas, espironolactona). Combiene to either associate to antidepressing drugs (d'Arcy, 1993: 155).
Not to prescribe forms of metering with alcoholic content for oral administration to smaller children of two years nor to consultantes in process of etílica deshabituación.
Indirect effect
Although little fecuentes in comparison with the great amplitude of its use, there is coincidence with respect to the indirect effect of the use continued of ginseng ("Síndrome of abuse to ginseng"): arterial hypertension, nervousness, insomnia, urticaria and matutinal diarrea. Later cases of hiperestrogenismo, manifesto in form of mastalgias and metrorragias have been described.
Precaution/Poisonings
Ginseng is one of the fitoterápicos medicines that can be more equipment in certain power states and the treatment from many diseases. Its therapeutic utility is more than demonstrated on the basis of its use from old in the countries of the Asian east. In the West it has been put fashionable for years. All the fashions (and all the panaceas) are fleeting, sinking later in a long period of forgetfulness until they return to be discovered. In order to avoid this phenomenon, we recommended to consider the following recommendations:
When prescribing ginseng, prescribing prepared standardized:
- usually they commercialize plants of different species and geographic origins, with which its composition can be very variable, we even can observe actions opposed according to predominate an u other active principles: the ginsenósido Rg1 is hypertensile and stimulating power station, whereas the Rb1 is hypotensile and sedative.
- Another difficulty is to know the reliability the product: in the market it has prepared of very low quality. Frequently the drug is falsified with secondary roots, that can produce excitabilidad and migraines.
- Precaution at the time of prescribing women: the prolonged treatments can induce a hiperestrogenismo.
- not to exceed the dose of a gram to the day.
- We recommended to prescribe turns of treatment of 4 to 6 weeks, followed of periods of rest of two or three months.
- To consider the alcoholic content of the fluid extract and the dye.
Galénicas Forms/Dosage
- Decocción: 1 g by root in 250 cc, to boil 3 minutes. A cup to the day, in the morning.
- fluid Extract (1:1): 15 to 30 drops, one or twice to the day.
- It tinctures (1:5): 50-100 drops, one or twice to the day.
- dry Extract (5:1): 200 mg/día. To take by the mornings
Bibliography
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