Italian: cappuccina dei campi, calendo it, fior dògni pulls, fiorrancio of tutti i tempi
French: souci DES jardins.
English: marigold, calendula, goldbloom, Mary gowles
Dutch: goudsbloem
German: Ringelblume.
Very frequent in the gardens, common flower of balconies, their medicinal virtues little are known. In Germany, the women who aspired to the love of a man planted calendulas in the trocito of the ground who he had been above, with the hope of which she paid attention to them. In France the superstition was extended of which the woman who adored the calendulas was unfaithful to her husband.
This plant is used most frequently to deal with problems anginas or tonsilitis. For its treatment, the used part of the Mercadela is the flower, which is boiled with water to do gárgaras three times to the day. Also, against the infection and pain throat it is recommended to take at night during three days and for the fever and the bile, this cofoundation is indicated as use water. Other affections for which the Reyna Discharge is used are: paperas, cough, tosferina, dry throat, twists, stomach aches, back, teeth or of the feet, and are considered desinflamante disinfectant and of wounds.
Annual or perennial plant that measures between 30 and 70 cm. of height, with leaves extended without support of union with the stem, from where leaves the flowers with long petals yellow color. It has his origin in the south of Europe, and in America plant of ornato, in places with climates semidry is cultivated as and tempering. It grows in familiar orchards and she is associate to the tropical forest caducifolia, scrub xerófilo, and forests of encino and pine.
CHARACTERISTICS: Annual grass that, some times, in exceptional circumstances, can live two years. It does not exceed the 40 cm. of height. The leaves, whole, extended, slightly made oval, embrace the stem and, as he, pelusilla disagreeable to the tact is covered of one. The orange flowers, yellows or, Form in the end of the stems; they are like daisies, but with two rows of petals. They are opened with the dawn and they are closed to the twilight. Before a flower marchite already has been developed another one, reason why the plant does not lose the flower in all the year. The fruit is so characteristic that just by to see it already it is possible to be known that belongs to a calendula, because it is extended with the bent ends, like
LOCATION: It spontaneously grows in the center and the south of Europe, but it is cultivated anywhere in the world as plant of gardening by his beautiful present flowers while the plant lives. It requires a humid ground, and it is easy that the flowers are not developed if him lack water.
ACTIVE PRINCIPLES: The whole plant contains essence (of rather disagreeable scent), a saponina, a bitter principle and fatty acids; also alcohol and salicílico acid.
MEDICINAL PROPERTIES: Its main property is the regulation of the menstruations, shortening the prolonged ones and facilitating the brief ones. In addition, she is one of but adapted for his it uses like vulneraria (to cure them wounded).
HARVESTING: The flowers must take shelter in the morning, as soon as they have been opened. They are possible to be used fresh or dry.
USES And APPLICATIONS: Like regulator of the menstruation, it is used in dye (100 grams of dry flowers by half liter of alcohol; it can be used after nine days). A sopera spoonful diluted glass in the middle is taken from water, with sugar, two or three times to the day as of the seventh day previous to which assumes it has to begin the menstruation, and to follow equal while this one lasts.
In the Average Age, Santa Hildegarda, German, well-known benedictine abbess by her love to the plants and the studies that dedicated to them, specially to medicinal ones, describes for the first time in history the virtues of the calendula, that she calls, in German, Ringblume (flower of the ring) by the peculiar form of the fruits.
The infusions and decocciones of calendula are excellent to regulate the menstruation, for the acne, to increase perspiration and to cure the wounds.
By their showy flowers, the calendulas very are used in gardening and with ornamentales aims
The calendula, very cultivated in gardens and flowerpots by its colorful beauty and of the flowers, I use of very many ways, obtaining wonderful results. Against the burns of fire or sun, blows and falls, etc.
The attention, its parallelism with the hipérico or corazoncillo have always called me and the arnica. All of them have the very similar yellow in common, sun, and properties. I will never forget my first oil calendula, fact with olive oil with flowers of calendula in maceration. It was very effective in summer against the burns of the sun and it always took it above with desire to prove with the friends who fell asleep in the beach or took too much the sun.
Whereas the arnica is more effective in the blows with spills under the skin, the calendula is far better in open wounds.
Family: compuestas/asteráceas
Type: it plants herbaceous annual
Original: the south of Europe and Near East
Leaves: pale color green, alternating, sesiles
Flowers: of 3 to 6 cm. of diameter. Their colors oscillate between intense orange and the yellow brilliant
Fruits: recurvados, almost annular with thorns in its upper surface.
Properties:
Emenagogo
sudorífica
antispasmodic
stimulating
colerética
colagoga
hypotensile
antibacterial
fungicida
vasodilator
antiseptic
antiinflammatory
vulneraria
healing.
Therapeutic indications:
In order to regularize the menstruation
In order to disinfect and to heal wounds, cuts, etc
Treatment of escrófula infantile
Inflammations in general
Tumors and cancer
Eccemas
Burns
Punctures of insects or medusas
External and internal ulcers
Vaginal irritation
Conjuntivitis and ocular prurito (coirios)
Important components:
Calendulina (yellowish substance of mucilaginosa consistency)
Flavonoides:
Heterósidos of quercetol
Heterósidos of isorhamnetol
Colesterinicos esters
Derivatives of acids:
láurico
mirístico
palmítico
margárico
Caretenoides (3%):
carotene
flavocromo
mutatocromo
aurocromo
flavoxantina
crisantemaxantina
violaxantina
xantófilos
Bitter substances (19%):
calendina
calendeno
Terpénicas alcohol and lactonas:
arnidiol
faradiol
taraxasterol
alpha and amirina beta
Essential oil (0,4%):
water (10%)
mineral matters (10%)
sugars
albumen
resins
rubbers (2,5%)
organic acids (acid salicílico)
poliínas
manganese salts
oleanoico acid
tannins
USES
In infusion (flowers), she is sudorífica and an excellent tonic for the anemia since it increases globules red.
The low infusion of a leaf and a flower in jarro of gua boiling is effective remedy against all type of diseases of the stomach and the intestine, gastric convulsions and ulcers, colitis, hidropesía, hematuria or blood in tinkles, infections caused by bacteria, diarreas, fever of the measles and scarlet fever. This same infusion taken twice to the day purifies the blood and activates the sanguineous circulation, alleviates the stomach ache and cures the cough, the tosferina and the ronquera
Also the infusion of calendula without sweetening gives excellent results against the infectious hepatitis and is extraordinary remedy for the ictericia and other diseases of the liver.
By the others it is good for remembering that the calendula infusion is good remedy against the cancer in the cases that no longer can be operated, taking kills of calendula per indefinite time.
At external level it serves to wash cancerous wounds
The cofoundation of a flower and a leaf of this plant in jarro of milk, alleviates the pains cancer of the stomach and cures the gastric ulcers, cough, ferina cough and bronchitis
The cofoundation of a leaf and a flower in jarro of water, like drink, alleviates the pains any type of cancer is helpful against the typhus
The cofoundation of the leaves and flowers of this plant is used in baths and washings like remedy for the hemorrhoids, infectious diseases of the skin, and micosis (diseases caused by fungi) of the feet, vagina and hairy leather. The washings with the cofoundation of the calendula, besides to cure the swellings caused by blows, falls, etc., fortify the Vista
Against the ulcers, cancerous tumors, hurt and cracks or splits in the hands and lso feet are helpful the washings with the cofoundation of calendula and a piece of horse tail.
The dye of calendula diluída in boiled water is applied in form of compresas soaked on the wounds, bruises, hematomas, cancerous twists and luxaciones, ulcers, tumors and chichones
The fresh juice of the leaves and flowers of calendula are not only used to clean the spots of the face and to cure warts, scabies, but also against the skin cancer
The pomada one of calendula applied in the affected places, is an effective remedy against the inflammation of the veins (flebitis), varices, sabañones, burns and cysts of breast although they are malignant (breast cancer). Applied in frictions she is efctiva against the fungi of the skin, muscular reumatismo and pains
Oil of calendula
Without doubt one of the best and more popular homemade remedies. It is simply tried to macerate flowers of olive oil calendula preferredly and to put it within sun a hermetic crystal container and night love song during 40 days in a warm place. Until there the well-known simple explanation popularly. Nevertheless I am of whom she thinks that he is preferable not to expose the sun maceration total since the resulting product, although receives a persistent and intense heat action but, the own excessive heat damages plus the own oil bases doing that this one rancíe more soon, and already enough "desagradable" scent leaves the calendula, that by something denominates deceased flower. The exposed thing I think that he would be more advisable to expose the hermetic boat with the maceration of flowers of olive oil calendula in a warm place where can only receive the rays of sun one or two hours to the day, for example the window of a kitchen yet. A popular proportion of oil and flowers of calendula said that of "un handful of flowers by each liter of aceite". I usually work in these cases guided a little reason why I feel, although the measures and dosages are always welcomes, and what ground to do so much in the oil of hipérico as the one of calendula is to fill to the boat or container until almost the edge and without tightening later to cover it until above with oil trying that no flower excels of the oil since this would cause mould to the being plants fresh.
Notes of interest:
The word "caléndula" it comes from calendas of the Latin that designated the first day of the month. It must to that the calendula every month blooms of the year even those of winter if this one is not very cold.
The Romans, nevertheless, called Solsequium, that he means "que follows sol" action that makes the calendula flowers like the sunflowers.
The Dodoens botanist wrote in 1578: "Tiene pleasant flowers, of shining color yellow, which are closed at sunset and again they are opened alba".
The Calendula exists arvensis L. or asilvestrada rustic calendula that is easily distinguished to have smaller flowers and smaller number of lígulas. This species also has properties emenagogas, hypotensile and vasodilator.
A history of a woman in England with prognosis of skin cancer exists that when miara was admitted the hospital simpre the garden somewhat asilvestrado of the center. A day began to notice that they crecian florecillas yellow and in great number. One approached to take a walk and it asked for those plants the gardener who answered to him: " Ah, that is wild calendulas, this year invade the garden, but it had not seen so numerous nunca" them;. The woman began to read about this plant in many books being found always many references of the calendula and the cancer, reason why she decided to take infusions to newspaper and water from wonder. And the wonder was that surprising for the doctors it recovered absolutely of his cancer and returned to its small house in which they did not lack flowerpots with this humble plant.
Bibliography
Benigni, R; Capra, C; Cattorini, P. Piante Medicinali. Chimica, Farmacologia and Terapia. Milano: Inverni & Della Beffa, 1962, pp. 185-6.
Bézanger-Beauquesne, L; Pinkas, M; Torck, M. You plant dans to Them the Therapeutique Moderne. 2ª. Paris: Maloine, 1986, pp. 113-4.
Bézanger-Beauquesne, L; Pinkas, M; Torck, M; Trotin, F. Plantes Médicinales DES Regions Tempérées. Paris: Maloine, 1980, pp. 385-6.
James, A; Duke, Ph D. Handbook of Medicinal Herbs. 5ª. Mouth Mouse, Florida: CRC Press, 1987, p. 87-8.
It ballast, JJ; Bachelor, LI. Medicinal plants in Asturias and the Cantabrian Cornice. Gijón: Trea editions, 1997, pp. 96-7.
Mulet, L. Estudio Etnobotánico of the Province of Castellón. Castellón: Provincial delegation, 1991, p. 97.
Mulet, L. toxic Flora of the Valencian Community. Castellón: Provincial delegation, 1997, p. 472.
Paris, RR; Moyse, M. Précis de Matière Médicale. Take III. Paris: Masson, 1971, p. 452.
Peris, JB; Stübing, G; Vanaclocha, B. Applied Fitoterapia. Valencia: M.I. Official school of Phamacists, 1995, pp. 188-9.
Peris, JB; Stübing, G; Figuerola, R. Gui'a of Plantas Medicinal of the Valencian Community. Valencia: The Provinces, 1996, p. 96.
Hellemont, J. Compendium de Phytotherapie go. Bruxelles: Association Pharmaceutique Belge, 1986, pp. 74-5.
Villar, L; Palacín, JM; Bald, C; Go'mez, D; Montserrat, G. Plantas Medicinal of the Pyrenean oscenses Aragonese and others tierrras. 2ª. Huesca: Provincial delegation, 1992, p. 257.
Wichtl, M. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceutical. To for Handbook Practice on to Scientific basis. Stuttgart: Medpharm Scientific Publishers, 1994, pp. 118-20.
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