Name


Scientific Name

Help of HIPERnatural.COM Print Plant Page Search in HIPERnatural.COM

 ()
2008 © HIPERnatural.COM
Boldo; al.: Boldo; ingl.: Boldo.

Leaf

Peumus boldus is a dioico, perennial shrub, of opposed leaves, whole and elliptical. The flowers are grouped in tops. The masculine ones have perianto less yellow pale but or indiferenciado; the feminine ones, have unilovulados, ovoid carpelos. The fruit is one drupa blackish.

Origin

The area of distribution of the species very is restricted: original of the zone of Chile, that benefits from a Mediterranean climate, it grows mainly in dry and sunny hills of the provinces of Valparaiso, Santiago and Concepcio'n. One is acclimated in Morocco.

Chemical composition

The drug contains mainly, essential oil, flavonoides and alkaloids.

• essential Oil, (from 1 to 3% of the dry leaf [ 485 ]) is rich in monoterpénicos hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpenos: ascaridol, cineol, linalol, terpineol, camphor... [ 486 ].

• Flavonoides. Heterósidos of glucose, ramnosa and arabinosa and of flavonoles: ramnetol, isoramnetol, Kenferol. The heterosídicos connections that form do it between the hidroxilos of positions 3 and of 487 the 7 geninas [ ].

• Alkaloids. Equally present in the 488.489 crusts [ ], all of them is isoquinoléicos alkaloids. The majority component is a aporfina, the boldina. This tetracíclico alkaloid goes accompanied by other aporfinas and noraporfinas: isocoridina, norisocoridina, N-oxiisocoridina, isoboldina, laurolitsina, laurotetanina and its 490 N-metilado derivative [ ]. The reticulina, precursor of these tetracíclicas molecules, also is in the drug. The content in total alkaloids varies from 0.25 to 0,50%. The boldina approximately represents a third of the total alkaloids.

Farmacológicos data

By means of experimentation animal it is verified, to high doses, the colerética action traditionally attributed boldo [ 8 ]. The increase of the biliary, evident secretion but of short duration, does not seem to have solely to the alkaloids, as it demonstrates an experiment to it made with different administered anestesiada rat preparations: this increase would have sinergia of the different 492 active principles from boldo [ ].

The total alkaloids cause, in dog, an increase of the gastric secretion very noticeable and accompanied by sialorrea the highest doses. These compounds are equally inhibiting of the intestinal tone [ 493 ]. In rabbit, hiperglucemiantes and inhibiting effects of the intestinal peristaltismo are observed. Low doses depress the miocárdica activity of the rat [ 494 ].

The pure boldina, tried by parenteral route in rat, increases the biliary secretion of 43 (5mg/kg) to 140 % (40 mg/kg) [ 494 ]. In dog and by oral route, the boldina increases to the biliary secretion and the urinary volume. Inhibitor of the intestinal peristaltismo (50 mg/kg, to per you, mouse), this alkaloid such has effects on the myocardium that the total alkaloids, is hypotensile and slightly sedative of the S.N.C. (100 mg/kg, to per you, mouse).

Observations in the Man

Although it has been used widely, this drug and their preparations have been object of few experimental works in the man.

Use

In coberry, the D.L.50 of boldina hydrochlorate is of the order of 25 to 35 mg/kg by i.v., ten times more elevated to per you. In mouse the D.L.50, to per you, of this alkaloid is of 250 mg/kg; the one of the flowed extract of 6 g/kg; the one of 492 400 total alkaloids of mg/kg [ ]. Therefore, to habitual the therapeutic doses of the preparations of boldo and boldina there is no toxic manifestation (infusion to 1%, 497 pulverized drug capsules [ ], compressed of boldina of 1 mg...). The boldina (extracted preferredly of the crust of the tree) is used in the symptomatic treatment of dispepsias of origin to hepatobiliar and in the constipation.

In Spain, one authorizes the use of this stimulating plant like of the biliary secretion in the litiasis and hepática insufficiency.

Precautions

By its own mechanism of action it can produce biliary obstruction. Not to use in prolonged treatments nor during the pregnancy.

The drug. The leaf, short peciolada, has elliptical, hard and fragile, rough a limb oval in the margins slightly folded and the obtuse apex. The superior face is covered by numerous prominencias that give a granular aspect him whereas the inferior face is smooth. Examined the microscope, the cut of the leaf shows one epidermis superior with cutícula thickens, with protuberances covered with unicellular, simple tectores hairs, in handfuls. Mesófilo contains great number of great glands with essence. The test includes/understands an analysis in C.C.F. of the total alkaloids and valuations of ashes, essential oil (> 2.5% V/m), total alkaloids (> 0.2% expressed in boldina and determined by acidimetría by in the middle etanólico backward movement). The boldina can be valued by espectrofotometría, H.P.L.C. or C.G (gas chromatography) [ 495.496 ].

Bibliography

[ 484 ] J. JEREMIE

Monimiacées. In: To AUBREVILLE and J-f. LEROY, Flore of the Nouvelle Calédonie ET dépendances, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 1982.

[ 485 ] M.A. MOUNTS GUYOT, T. WILKOMIRSKY and L. VALENZUELA

Essential oil of leaves of boldo (Peumus boldus Mol. yield and seasonal variation

Real An. Acad. Farm., 46, 325-334, 1980.

[ 486 ] K. BRUNS and M. KOHLER

Uber die Zusammensetzung DES Boldoblätteröls

Parfüm und Kosmet., 55, 225-227, 1974.

[ 487 ] And BOMBARDELLI, E.M. MARTINELLI and G. MUSTICH

To new flavonol glycoside from Peumus boldus

Fitoterapia, 47, 3-5, 1976.

[ 488 ] To URZÚA and R. TORRES

ã, 7-dehydroboldine from the bark of Peumus boldus

J. Nat. Prod., 47, 525-526, 1984.

[ 489 ] To URZÚA yt P. ROCKS

Alkaloids from the bark of Peumus boldus

Fitoterapia, 54, 175-177, 1983.

[ 490 ] A.Y. LEUNG

Natural Encyclopedia of common ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, New York, Wiley, 1980.

[ 491 ] K.GENEST and D.W. HUGHES

Natural products in canadian pharmaceuticals. II Peumus boldus

Dog, J. Pharm., Sci., 3, 84-90, 1968.

[ 492 ] M.-c. Levy-appert-collin and J. LEVY

The south quelques préparations galéniques of feuilles of boldo (Peumus boldus, Monimiacées)

J. Pharm., Belg., 32, 13-22, 1977.

[ 493 ] P. DELAVEAU Boldo

Act. Pharm., (250), 25-26, 1988.

[ 494 ] Studies of Laboratories HOUDE (Paris), mentioned by C. MONS,

Contribution à l'étude du Boldo - Peumus boldus Monimiacées - essais botaniques ET chimiques, étude DES Pharmacopées - emplois. Thesis of Doctorate in Pharmacy, (Diplôme d'Etat) Reims, (1987)E

[ 495 ] C. GOES HULLE, P. BRAECKMAN and R. GOES SEVEREN

Influence of the preparation technique on the boldine content of boldo extract

J. Pharm. Belg., 38, 97-100, 1983.

[ 496 ] P. PIETTA, P. MAURI, And WAY and P. CEVA

Determination of isoquinoline alkaloids from Peumus boldus by high performance liquid chromatography

J. Chromatogr., (457), 442-445, 1988.

[ 497 ] Boldo, toxicológico dossier of Laboratories ARKOPHARMA

Diseases in whose treatment this plant is adapted

Constipation

Disquinesias biliary

Hepática insufficiency


Productos
List of Products of HIPERnatural.COM with :
Photo Photo Product Product Buy Product Buy Price
 Euros €
MILENRAMA - EXTRACTO (50 ml) MILENRAMA - EXTRACTO (50 ml)
Package of 50 ml
ACHILLEA ACHILLEA
Circulatory Circulatory
   Circulation Circulation

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
9,00 €
  
ZANAHORIA - ZUMO BIO (700 ml) ZANAHORIA - ZUMO BIO (700 ml)
Juices of 700 ml
ACHILLEA ACHILLEA
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
3,41 €
  
PIÑA - ZUMO BIO (750 ml) PIÑA - ZUMO BIO (750 ml)
Juices of 750 ml
ACHILLEA ACHILLEA
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
4,81 €
  
MANZANA - ZUMO BIO (750 ml) MANZANA - ZUMO BIO (750 ml)
Juices of 750 ml
ACHILLEA ACHILLEA
Immunological Immunological
   Infections Infections

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
3,26 €
  
PERA - ZUMO BIO (200 ml) PERA - ZUMO BIO (200 ml)
Juices of 200 ml
ACHILLEA ACHILLEA
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
1,24 €
  
MANZANA - ZUMO BIO (200 ml) MANZANA - ZUMO BIO (200 ml)
Juices of 200 ml
ACHILLEA ACHILLEA
Immunological Immunological
   Infections Infections

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
1,24 €
  
ALBARICOQUE - ZUMO BIO (200 ml) ALBARICOQUE - ZUMO BIO (200 ml)
Juices of 200 ml
ACHILLEA ACHILLEA
Nutrition Nutrition
   Nutricionales Complements Nutricionales Complements

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
1,52 €
  
UVA NEGRA - ZUMO BIO (750 ml) UVA NEGRA - ZUMO BIO (750 ml)
Juices of 750 gr
ACHILLEA ACHILLEA
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
4,00 €
  
POMELO - ZUMO BIO (750 ml) POMELO - ZUMO BIO (750 ml)
Juices of 750 ml
ACHILLEA ACHILLEA
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
3,04 €
  
SYS SYS
Package
ACHILLEA ACHILLEA
Nervous Nervous
   Stress  Stress 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
13,50 €
  
MIRTILO - ZUMO BIO (200 ml) MIRTILO - ZUMO BIO (200 ml)
Juices of 200 ml
ACHILLEA ACHILLEA
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
2,25 €
  
ZANAHORIA - ZUMO BIO (200 ml) ZANAHORIA - ZUMO BIO (200 ml)
Juices of 200 ml
ACHILLEA ACHILLEA
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
1,26 €
  
MELOCOTON - ZUMO BIO (200 ml) MELOCOTON - ZUMO BIO (200 ml)
Juices of 200 ml
ACHILLEA ACHILLEA
Nutrition Nutrition
   Nutricionales Complements Nutricionales Complements

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
1,26 €
  
MIRTILO - ZUMO BIO (750 ml) MIRTILO - ZUMO BIO (750 ml)
Juices of 750 ml
ACHILLEA ACHILLEA
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
6,62 €
  
PIÑA - ZUMO BIO (200 ml) PIÑA - ZUMO BIO (200 ml)
Juices of 200 ml
ACHILLEA ACHILLEA
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
1,67 €
  
THROAT SPRAY THROAT SPRAY
Package of Sprays
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
6,88 €
  
BILOBIS BILOBIS
Package of 120 Capsules
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
27,71 €
  
PROCUMBIS (120 Cap) PROCUMBIS (120 Cap)
Package of 120 Capsules
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
26,94 €
  
RHUMAL FANGO RHUMAL FANGO
Package of 250 ml
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
21,00 €
  
PHYTOLIGO CROMO PHYTOLIGO CROMO
Extracts of 100 ml
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Nervous Nervous
   Nerves Nerves

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
11,13 €
  
PROPOLINA (CARAMELOS S/A) PROPOLINA (CARAMELOS S/A)
Package
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
3,18 €
  
FLORES BACH PLANTIS FLORES BACH PLANTIS
Package
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
7,50 €
  
POMADA EMOL POMADA EMOL
Package of 75 ml
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
9,72 €
  
PROPOLINA (500 ml) PROPOLINA (500 ml)
Package of 500 ml
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
29,76 €
  
PROBIOT I (50 gr) PROBIOT I (50 gr)
Package of 50 gr
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
6,06 €
  
OLIGARTRO 3 OLIGARTRO 3
Package of 20 Blisters
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
14,00 €
  
REMEDIO FLORAL TENSIONES PERSONALES REMEDIO FLORAL TENSIONES PERSONALES
Package
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
9,00 €
  
INFOLIGO G INFOLIGO G
Package of 20 Blisters
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
14,68 €
  
RUMEX  5 DEPURATIVO RUMEX  5 DEPURATIVO
Package of 80 gr
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
5,13 €
  
REMEDIO FLORAL TEMORES INSEGURIDAD REMEDIO FLORAL TEMORES INSEGURIDAD
Package
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
9,18 €
  
REMEDIO FLORAL AUTOESTIMA REMEDIO FLORAL AUTOESTIMA
Package
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
9,18 €
  
REMEDIO FLORAL CANSANCIO REMEDIO FLORAL CANSANCIO
Package
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
9,18 €
  
REMEDIO FLORAL APATIA TRISTEZA REMEDIO FLORAL APATIA TRISTEZA
Package
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
9,18 €
  
REMEDIO FLORAL HIPERACTIVIDAD REMEDIO FLORAL HIPERACTIVIDAD
Package
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
9,18 €
  
REMEDIO FLORAL EXAMEN REMEDIO FLORAL EXAMEN
Package
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
9,18 €
  
AROMAX 11 SEDANTE AROMAX 11 SEDANTE
Package of 50 ml
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
8,32 €
  
OLIGARTRO 1 OLIGARTRO 1
Package of 20 Blisters
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
14,00 €
  
OLIGARTRO 2 OLIGARTRO 2
Package of 20 Blisters
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
14,00 €
  
INFOLIGO K INFOLIGO K
Package of 20 Blisters
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
14,68 €
  
AROMAX 14 AROMAX 14
Package of 50 ml
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
8,25 €
  
INFOLIGO I ZN-NI-CO INFOLIGO I ZN-NI-CO
Package of 20 Blisters
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
14,68 €
  
INFOLIGO C INFOLIGO C
Package of 20 Blisters
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
14,68 €
  
REMEDIO FLORAL URGENCIA REMEDIO FLORAL URGENCIA
Creams of 500 ml
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
60,00 €
  
INFOLIGO B CU-AU-AG INFOLIGO B CU-AU-AG
Package of 20 Blisters
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
14,68 €
  
INFOLIGO A ZN-S-NI-CO INFOLIGO A ZN-S-NI-CO
Package of 20 Blisters
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
14,68 €
  
INFOLIGO D LI-CU-MN-MG-K-CO INFOLIGO D LI-CU-MN-MG-K-CO
Package of 20 Blisters
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
14,68 €
  
INFOLIGO J LI-MN-MG-CO-P INFOLIGO J LI-MN-MG-CO-P
Package of 20 Blisters
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
14,68 €
  
BIOLIGO 10 IODO BIOLIGO 10 IODO
Package of 20 Blisters
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
9,55 €
  
BIOLIGO 15 LITIO BIOLIGO 15 LITIO
Package of 20 Blisters
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
13,14 €
  
BIOLIGO 12 FLUOR BIOLIGO 12 FLUOR
Package of 20 Blisters
Artesanía Agrícola Artesanía Agrícola
Several Several
   Others  Others 

Shopping Cart View Shopping Cart
9,55 €
  
U.E.P. Add HIPERnatural.COM to Favorite Add to Favorite Set HIPERnatural.COM as Home Page Home Page Recommend this Plant to a Friend Recommend this Plant Up
2008 © HIPERnatural.COM
www.hipernatural.com
Your Source of Natural Health in Internet