BALSAMO PERU (myroxylon balsamum)

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	BALSAMO PERU
	*myroxylon balsamum*

Name
BALSAMO PERU

Scientific Name
myroxylon balsamum

BALSAMO PERU

NAMES THAT THE PLANT RECEIVES

Latin name: Myroxylon balsamiferum.

Castilian: balsam of Peru

French: to baumier du Pérou

English: balsam of Peru

Dutch: Perubalsem

German: Perubalsam

Italian: balsamo of the Peru

FAMILY: fabáceas/legiminosas

ORIGINAL: Central America (San Salvador) and Brazil

TYPE: tree similar to the balsam of Peru

HEIGHT: Up to 15 ms.

LEAVES: alternating and pecioladas, of 7 to 15 foliolos opposed in pairs, with one single one in the final end. The inferior part of the central nerve of the leaf is covered of pelillos of yellow color. The foliolos measure of 5 to 6 cm in length by 3 of wide. They are ovados-lanceolados, round by the base with end in the ends with the waved edges.

FLOWERS: Hermafroditas. Long Pedúnculo. Numerous. Of very intense aroma.

FRUITS: lanceolada oblong vegetable similar to the balsam of Tolú. Up to 8 cm. in length. It only contains a seed, mesocarpio.

IMPORTANT COMPONENTS: Essential oil (until a 70%), cinnameína (60%), benzoate, cinamato of benzilo, nerolirol and peruviol. Cumarinas, farnesol, acids benzoic and cinámico, vainillina (0,2%), draw resin from (30%). Small amounts of cumarinas.

PROPERTIES: expectorante, balsamic, antiseptic

INDICATIONS: bronchial colds, cough, affections of the lung, wounds, sores, burns, freezing and fissures (use externo), CONTRAINDICACIONES: To high doses it irritates the buccal mucosa.

INTEREST NOTES:

The balsam of the Prú is something thick but nonsticky.

In sensible people it can produce allergies.

By oral route it is an irritating gastrointestinal.

The Myroxylon name means in Greek "madera olorosa".

Before the discovery of America on the part of Columbus, the Peruvian natives already used the balsam of Peru. In 1578 the Dr Monardes narrates it of the following way: same "Así enbio to v.m. a product of a tree that is of great benefits, and these trees are not in another earth but in this, an oak of those of Castile is as large as, it has the crust like the mesto, and the leaf like the ash; he has many virtues, because the done crust dusts, and thrown in any sore, that is necessity to clean it, to be dirty, the cleaning, later make crezer the meat and the healthy one very well. Mopping the teeth, with these dusts he cleans them, and put in enzias removed flesh he incarnates them, and he tightens the teeth that are walked. The tree it leaves a olorosa resin that serves to emit smoke in many evils of head, and to hazer emplastos in many evils, ay enbio to v.m.. Of fructo bevida hazen the Indians certain, that it is for them very healthful v. m. sends them to seed that holgaria that they naciessen, because serious thing of much contented, by the benefits that it has in medicine, and by the newness of arbol, porque4 in all time has very pretty olor".

The name "bálsamo of the Perú" it comes to him from which he was exported from the Peruvian ports, specially from the Callao. In spite of all his export he is greater in Central America.

In order to extract their balsam small incisions in trees of more practice than 5 years. In these incisions cloth is placed that absorbs the balsam. Soon these cloth is put under boiling and they slip, secánsode the liquid.

A same tree can be operated 30 years followed.

The boiled crusts serve to elaborate a balsam of smaller quality.

He is abundant in Brazil in the denominated Coast of the balsam.

Due to its content in benzoate of benzilo it is used in local treatments of parasitism like lice, scabies and certain tropical aradores like "rascabonito".

USED MEDICINAL PART: The oleoresina or milk that distills the crust of several species.

EXTERNAL ROUTE: Pomadas, solutions, emulsions...

ANTIPARASITIC OIL: 1 part of calendula oil, 1 part of oil of almonds, 1 part of ricino oil, 3 parts of balsam of Peru. To apply three times to the day during three days.

ANTIPARASITIC POMADA: Balsam of Peru (15 gr.), oil of ricino (10 gr.), petroleum jelly (75 gr..)

Galénicas Forms/Dosage

Dye, solutions, pomadas, emulsions, in topical use.

Bibliography

Benigni, R; Capra, C; Cattorini, P. Piante Medicinali. Chimica, Farmacologia and Terapia. Milano: Inverni & Della Beffa, 1962, pp. 122-4.

Bézanger-Beaunesque, L; Pinkas, M; Torck, M. You plant dans to Them the Therapeutique Moderne. 2ª. Paris: Maloine, 1986, p. 294.

Bruneton, J. Elementos de Fitoquímica and Farmacognosia. Zaragoza: Acribia, 1991, p. 141.

James, A; Duke, Ph D. Handbook of Medicinal Herbs. 5ª. Mouth Mouse, Florida: CRC Press, 1987, pp. 322-3; 521; 651.

Gupta, MP. 270 Plantas Medicinal Latin American. Santafé of Bogota: Latin American program of Science and technology for Desarrollo (CYTED), 1995, pp. 383-4.

Paris, RR; Moyse, M. Précis de Matière Médicale. Take II. Paris: Masson, 1967, p. 383.

Peris, JB; Stübing, G: Vanaclocha, B. Applied Fitoterapia. Valencia: M.I. Official school of Phamacists, 1995, p. 166.

Samuelson, G. Drugs of Natural Origin. To Textbook of Pharmacognosy. Stockholm: Swedish Pharmaceutical Press, 1992, p. 91.

Trease, GE; Evans, WCh. Farmacognosia. Mexico D.F.: Inter-American -- MacGraw-Hill, 1991, p. 345.

Hellemont, J. Compendium de Phytotherapie go. Bruxelles: Assotiation Pharmaceutique Belge, 1986, p. 259.

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