Egyptian, Israelite and Greek, they had it in much esteem by its medicinal virtues. In the Modern Age, their virtues were exaggerated, until the point of which Hetodt, German doctor of century XVII, recommended it for all evils, from the pain teeth to the plague. In our days more like condimento than like remedy is used. It is the most expensive spice of whatever are known.
Habitat: it is cultivated in the Mediterranean countries. Spain is one of the main producers of the world. Also it is cultivated in some American countries.
Description: it plants bulbous of the family of the Iridáceas, of 10-15 cm. of height, that gives to beautiful flowers of color lila. In the center of each flower estigmas of orange color are 3, from which saffron obtains itself itself.
Properties and indications: saffron contains a bitter principle (picrocina), a colorante (crocina) and an essential oil. It has digestive, aperitive and carminativas properties. In addition, he is emenagogo and it can alleviate the menstrual pain. Externally its concentrated infusion is used to rub encías of the children and to alleviate therefore the own annoyances of the teething.
Use: to take an infusion with strings from saffron by water cup. It is sweetened with honey, molasses (cane honey) or brown sugar. In order to use externally, a concentrated infusion is used that is prepared with the amount of sufficient saffron like so that the water it acquires a dark brown color.
Farmacológica Action
The crocina (crocósido) is a principle with noticeable hipolipemiante effect; the picrocrocósido one is a bitter substance, with aperitive and eupéptica action. Saffron also is stimulating nervous, emenagogo and, by external route, calm the dental and gingivales pains. By his essential oil, he is carminativo, espasmolítico and eupéptico.
Contraindications
Pregnancy, specially the concentrated dust and extracts.
Not to prescribe forms of metering with alcoholic content to smaller children of two years nor to consultantes in process of etílica deshabituación.
Precaution/Poisonings
In doses very elevated it can be vomiting, abortion and to produce vertigo and intense hemorrhages. Lethal dose, for the adult = 20 g. (the cases of poisoning come in their majority of their use like abortifacient).
To consider the alcoholic content of the fluid extract and the dye.
Galénicas Forms/Dosage
Internal use:
- nourishing Use, like condimento.
- Infusion: 2 g/l. One to three cups to the day.
- Dust: 200-300 mg/día, like eupéptico-carminativo; 0,50 to 1 g to the day, like emenagogo.
- fluid Extract (1:1): 5-10 drops, one or twice to the day.
- It tinctures (1:10): 20-40 drops, three times to the day, like carminativo.
External use:
- It tinctures: to apply friccionando encías.
Bibliography
Benigni, R; Capra, C; Cattorini, P. Piante Medicinali. Chimica, Farmacologia and Terapia. Milano: Inverni & Della Beffa, 1962, pp. 1801-4.
Bézanger-Beauquesne, L; Pinkas, M; Torck, M. You plant dans to Them the Therapeutique Moderne. 2ª. Paris: Maloine, 1986, p. 174.
Bézanger-Beauquesne, L; Pinkas, M; Torck, M; Trotin, F. Plantes Médicinales DES Regions Tempérées. Paris: Maloine, 1980, p. 64.
Bruneton, J. Elementos de Fitoquímica and Farmacognosia. Zaragoza: Acribia, 1991, p. 350.
James, A; Duke, Ph D. Handbook of Medicinal Herbs. 5ª. Mouth Mouse, Florida: CRC Press, 1987, p. 148-9.
Fernandez, M; Grandson, To Plantas Medicinal. Pamplona: Editions University of Navarre, 1982, p. 69; 226.
Mulet, L. Estudio Etnobotánico of the Province of Castellón. Castellón: Provincial delegation, 1991, pp. 136-7.
Paris, RR; Moyse, M. Précis de Matière Médicale. Take II. Paris: Masson, 1967, p. 71-6.
Samuelsson, G. Drugs of Natural Origin. To Textbook of Pharmacognosy. Stockholm: Swedish Pharmaceutical Press, 1992, p. 198.
Hellemont, J. Compendium de Phytotherapie go. Bruxelles: Association Pharmaceutique Belge, 1986, p. 121.
Villar, L; Palacín, JM; Bald, C; Go'mez, D; Montserrat, G. Plantas Medicinal of the Pyrenean oscenses Aragonese and others tierrras. 2ª. Huesca: Provincial delegation, 1992, p. 259.
Wichtl, M. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceutical. To for Handbook Practice on to Scientific basis. Stuttgart: Medpharm Scientific Publishers, 1994, pp. 167-9.
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