When we heard speak of the anise, he is inevitable to think about the licor of high alcoholic graduation or we evoked those white small balls that we bought in dulcerías, but one as others have comma bases of its elaboration the fruit of the plant that takes its same name and whose despicable virtues are not nothing.
Used Part: The fruits (diaquenios).
Active Principles: Essential oil (2-5%), rich in trans-anetol (75-90%), with estragol (metilcavicol), furanocumarinas (umbeliferona), terpénicos hydrocarbon plans anísicas and ketones. Esteroles: estigmasterol. Flavonoides: quercitrósido, isoorientina, vitexina, rutósido. Glúcidos, hill, málico acid, draw resin from.
The dry drug will have to contain 20 at least mg/kg of essential oil (R.F.E., 1997).
Farmacológica Action: It has aperitive, carminativa, digestive, espasmolítica an action (mainly at respiratory and digestive level), hepatoprotectora; mucolítica, expectorante, diurética, antiseptic, escabicida, fungicida, vermifugal and perfuming galactógena.
CHARACTERISTICS: One is a grass of thin and long stem, of about 50 centimeters, which it culminates with inflorescencias in umbela (grouping of flowers which they acquire the aspect of an umbrella), formed by innumerable florcillas white whose tiny fruits, balls and, mature at the end of the summer. The leaves, very divided, are resembled those of the parsley. Matalahúva or sweet grass is also known him like
LOCATION: It is a plant that only grows in controlled cultures, because globe does not grow up spontaneously nowhere of ]. It prefers climates temperings, in special the Mediterranean. Spain, without being the country of greater production, elaborates one of the anises of better quality.
MEDICINAL PROPERTIES: It facilitates pulmonary secretions, it eliminates intestinal gases, it stimulates the organism, aid to make the digestion, it favors the elimination of it tinkles and it stimulates the menstruation and the production of milk. Since he happens to milk, the nursing baby can benefit from his properties yes the mother takes anise.
HARVESTING: The mature fruits, the anises are used, that are taken at the end of the summer, when they are well mature. They cut to the inflorescencias (umbelas) and they are struck on a container so that the anises fall. Although the fresh airs have more anetol, if they are let dry can keep until the next season.
USES And APPLICATIONS: Its main one uses is in infusion or dye. The dye is preferred, because the essence is not soluble in water and yes in alcohol; sometimes the infusion is used and a chorrito of dye is added.
The infusion is prepared adding anises to the water while it boils and maintaining the boiling about five minutes. One is due to take continuously hot and removing with a teaspoon so that the extract of the cup does not remain at heart.
Sugar or honey can be sweetened with. The dye is prepared maintaining in maceration during two or three weeks about 100 gamos of anises by half liter of alcohol.
In the Mediterranean countries, it is custom to add to anises (fruits of the anise) to the food of cows and ewes with the purpose of increasing its production of milk.
Indications
Lack of appetite, dispepsias hyposecretory, gastrointestinales flatulencia, espasmos, gastroenteritis, hepatitis. Intestinal parasitism: oxiuriasis. Halitosis. Resfriados, bronchitis, enfisema, asthma. Oliguria, cystitis. Lactancia. It is used widely like organoléptico corrector of scent and flavor.
Topically: in dermatomicosis: versicolor pitiriasis, tricofitosis (athlete foot), candidiasis. Pediculosis.
Contraindications
Intolerancia to the anise, anetol or other essential oils.
Except for express indication, we recommended to abstain to internally prescribe the essential oil of anise during the pregnancy, the lactancia, to smaller children of six years or gastroduodenales patients with gastritis, ulcers, syndrome of the null and voidable intestine, ulcerosa colitis, neurological disease of Crohn, hepatopatías, epilepsy, Parkinson or other diseases.
Not to administer, neither to apply topically to smaller children of six years nor to people with respiratory allergies or well-known hypersensitivity to this one or other essential oils.
Not to prescribe forms of metering with alcoholic content to smaller children of two years nor to consultantes in process of etílica deshabituación.
Although it has not been possible to demonstrate its estrogénico effect, when being one of the actions generally attributed (Peris, 1995, Mulet, 1991; 1997), we recommended to abstain to prescribe concentrated extracts and pure essential oil by oral route in the presence of hiperestrogenismo, treatments with estrogens or progestins.
Precaution/Poisonings
Not to exceed the five drops of essential oil by taking, with a maximum of three takings to the day.
The essential oil, to high and/or prolonged doses, can produce convulsivantes effects and act like narcotic, causing paresias muscular, cerebral congestión, and other organic disturbances that remember the chronic absintismo. It can originate reactions of cutaneous hypersensitivity (vesicular dermatitis), respiratory and gastrointestinal. Also one has described to the appearance of queilitis and estomatitis, after oral essential oil taking of anise.
Of preventive form we recommended to practice a previous test of tolerance to the application of inhalations with essential oil: to inhale during 15 seconds and to wait for 30 minutes.
To consider the alcoholic content of the flowed extract, the dye and the syrup.
Galénicas Forms/Dosage
- Infusion: A teaspoon of coffee by cup. One after each food.
- deterpenado essential Oil (contraindications See, precautions): 1 to 2 drops, on a lump of sugar, or microencapsulation (25 mg/cápsula), 1 to 3 times to the day, at the end of the meals. Supositorios (50 mg/sup., 2 to 3 to the day). Humid inhalations (5 drops in the middle liter of hot water). Aerosols (500 mg of essence by each 50 prepared mililiter of).
- It tinctures (1:10): 30 to 50 drops, one to three times to the day (1 to 3 g/día).
- fluid Extract (1:1): 10 to 20 drops, two or three times to the day.
- dry Extract (5:1): 100 to 300 mg/día.
- Dust: 0,2 to 2 g to the day, in three takings.
- Syrup (5% of fluid extract): 30 to 60 g to the day (young), to spoonfuls of coffee.
Bibliography
Benigni, R; Capra, C; Cattorini, P. Piante Medicinali. Chimica, Farmacologia and Terapia. Milano: Inverni & Della Beffa, 1962, pp. 92-5.
Bézanger-Beauquesne, L; Pinkas, M; Torck, M. You plant dans to Them the Therapeutique Moderne. 2ª. Paris: Maloine, 1986, p. 330.
Bézanger-Beauquesne, L; Pinkas, M; Torck, M; Trotin, F. Plantes Médicinales DES Regions Tempérées. Paris: Maloine, 1980, p. 239.
Bruneton, J. Elementos de Fitoquímica and Farmacognosia. Zaragoza: Acribia, 1991, p. 255.
European Scientific Cooperative On Phytotherapy (E.S.C.O.P.). Medicinal Monographs on the you use of plant drugs. Fascicle 3: Anisi fructus (Aniseed). July 1997, 7 pp.
Fernandez, M; Grandson, To Plantas Medicinal. Pamplona: Editions University of Navarre, 1982, p. 133.
James, A; Duke, Ph D. Handbook of Medicinal Herbs. 5ª. Mouth Mouse, Florida: CRC Press, 1987, pp. 374-5.
Mulet, L. Estudio Etnobotánico of the Province of Castellón. Castellón: Provincial delegation, 1991, pp. 328-32.
Mulet, L. toxic Flora of the Valencian Community. Castellón: Provincial delegation, 1997, p. 517.
Paris, RR; Moyse, M. Précis de Matière Médicale. Take II. Paris: Masson, 1967, pp. 471
Peris, JB; Stübing, G; Vanaclocha, B. Applied Fitoterapia. Valencia: M.I. Official school of Phamacists, 1995, pp. 149-50.
Peris, JB; Stübing, G; Figuerola, R. Gui'a of Plantas Medicinal of the Valencian Community. Valencia: The Provinces, 1996, p. 328.
Real Spanish Farmacopea. Madrid: Ministry of Health and Consumption, 1997, pp. 436-7.
Creek, D; Obón, C. Gui'a Incafo of Plantas Useful and Poisonous of the Iberian Peninsula and Baleares. Madrid: Incafo, 1991, pp. 728-31.
Samuelsson, G. Drugs of Natural Origin. To Textbook of Pharmacognosy. Stockholm: Swedish Pharmaceutical Press, 1992, p. 93.
Simón, R. Gui'a de Farmacologi'a for Phamacists and Doctors. Madrid: To Madrid Vicente, 1993, p. 171.
Hellemont, J. Compendium de Phytotherapie go. Bruxelles: Association Pharmaceutique Belge, 1986, p. 289.
Wichtl, M. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceutical. To for Handbook Practice on to Scientific basis. Stuttgart: Medpharm Scientific Publishers, 1994, pp. 73-5.
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