HIPOTIROIDISMO

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	HIPOTIROIDISMO
	*HIPOTIROIDISMO*

HIPOTIROIDISMO

Hipotiroidismo

The tiroidea gland produces tiroideas hormones under the control of the pituitaria gland in the brain.

The tiroideas hormones are essential for the body in the oxygen consumption on the part of the cells and in the protein synthesis.

They are those that regulate the metabolism (energy consumption) corporal.

Hipotiroidismo to the condition is denominated in which the tiroidea gland produces less tiroidea hormone of the necessary one.

It affects both sexes but it is commonest between the women.

Complications

Excessive gain of weight.

Infertility.

Comma mixedematoso (when the deficit is so great that the organism cannot work, is a medical emergency and can be mortal).

Increase of the susceptibility in the infection.

Adrenalin crisis with strong treatments of hipotiroidismo.

Prognosis

Normally curable with a therapy to prevent of I replace of the thyroid, that will have to be life.

Prevention

Measures for the prevention are not known the hipotiroidismo.

However, the iodized salts prevent the goiter and the hipotiroidismo in the mountainous zones.

Diagnosis and treatment

Diagnosis

Analysis of blood of laboratory of tiroideas hormones.

The laboratory analyses can confirm the hipotiroidismo diagnosis but they do not indicate the necessary duration of the therapy of I replace.

Treatment

The objectives of the treatment are I replace of the tiroidea function in the long term and the recognition of the symptoms in order to avoid the provision of an overdose or little.

The hospitalization in case that will be necessary emergency complications take place, like for example a mixedémico coma.

The medical control and supervision will be necessary during several months with the purpose of establishing the correct dose for I replace of the thyroid.

In case that the treatment was interrupted, a relapse could be produced, with more intense symptoms.

Medication

Hormones will be prescribed to him of I replace of the thyroid.

The required doses will depend on

the age

the weight

sex

the residual capacity of the thyroid

other medicines that are taking

the intestinal function

Signs and symptoms

Its appearance is normally subtle and insidiosa.

Excessive fatigue.

Reduction of the tolerance to the cold.

Slow, fast or irregular beat cardiac.

Increase of weight.

Slow or coarse growth of the hair.

Diminution of the appetite.

Constipation.

Pain in the chest.

Somnolencia.

Placidness or nervousness.

Mental disorder including depression, psychosis or lack of memory. v Retention of liquids, specially around the eyes.

Sad face expression and fallen eyelids.

Coarse skin.

Diminution of the sexual appetite and infertility.

Menstrual disorders.

Anemia.

Insensibilidad and creeps in feet and hands.

Hoarse or deep voice.

Swelling of legs.

Factors of risk

Greater adults of 60 years.

Obesity.

Surgery by hipertiroidismo.

Treatments with x-rayses.

Exhibition to the radioactivity.

Causes

Sometimes, these are not known.

Between the most common causes they are included:

Disease autoinmune, in which the immunological system of the body works of abnormal way and attacks the tiroidea gland destroying the cells that produce the tiroidea hormone.

Treatments with radioactive iodine of a hipertiroidismo.

Iodine deficiency in the diet. This is common in moved away mountainous zones of the sea in the underdeveloped countries. It was the cause of the great incidence of cretinismo (affected from the hipotiroidismo birth, with cerebral injury) in the region of the Hurdes.

Diminution of the activity of the pituitaria gland that secretes the hormone that stimulates the thyroid.

Medicine use, for example the lithium, that represses the function of the thyroid.

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