MARAÑÓN (anacardium occidentale)

	M
	MARAÑÓN
	*anacardium occidentale*

Name
MARAÑÓN

Scientific Name
anacardium occidentale

MARAÑÓN

Names

Botanist: Anacardium occidentale L

Castilian: cashew, marañón, merey, alcayoiba, caujil, acajú, jacote marañón, canjil

Portuguese: canjueiro, fava of malaqua

English: cashew-nut

French: noix of cajou

Family

Anacardiáceas

Medicinal Part

Their seeds or nuts, although also are used to a lesser extent the fleshy pedúnculos and the resin

Type of Plant

Ceniciento is a small tree of extended branches and crust of dark color

Origin

India and South America

Height

Up to 5 ms

Leaves

Alternating, simple, ovadas, whole, obtuse.

They have a length of up to 11 cm.

They are born of short pecíolos

Flowers

Very numerous, small, irregular and very fragant.

They are arranged in lax, pedunculados and terminal panículos.

Its chalice has 5 segments and their corola 5 petals that are of white color with reddish or sometimes pink veinlets. In its center estambres has from 8 to 10

Fruits

Drupa of up to 3 cm. of diameter is also called sometimes "manzana of anacardo".Se deals with one. It is of golden, obovado yellow color. It has an pleasant acid flavor and astringente.La seed is leaned and hangs at the end of the cashew apple, of arriñonada form. It measures up to 1.5 cm. in length and is protected by two covers. Between the two covers, in mesocarpo, a liquid exists oily, viscous and resinous that is caustic and produces irritation, forming vejigas when it makes contact with enemy with the mucosa of the mouth or the skin. La seed is aquenio

Habitat

One is cultivated and expanded very in many zones of Eastern and western Africa, specially in Madagascar and Angola. It grows in altitudes between the 300 and 1000 ms.

Components

Seeds

- acid gálico

- resins

- rubber-you draw resin from

- anacardeína (protein)

Liquid of mesocarpo

- greasy matter................10%

- cardol (caustic and vesicant active principle)

- anacardol

- acid anacárdico

- tannin

- acid gálico

- resins

- rubbers

- colorante matter

Properties

Nutritious (seeds)

Afrodisíaco

Stimulating of the intellect

Healing (external Route)

Antiulcerosa (external Route)

Indications

Sexual lack of appetite (seeds)

Lack of memory (seeds)

Dementia (crust)

Loss of memory (crust)

Weakness of nervous origin (crust)

Edema of the legs (crust)

Hardnesses, calluses and warts (external route, liquid reddish located between the two cutículas and juice of the pulp)

Tórpidas ulcers, eccemas and soriasis (external route, liquid reddish located between the two cutículas and juice of the pulp)

Peeling of the skin (external route, liquid reddish (diluted) located between the two cutículas and juice of the pulp)

Contraindications

In the treatments by external route it is necessary to have in which the located reddish liquid between the two cutículas, as well as the juice of the pulp, is acid and corrosive.

Uses

Cold maceration of crust

100 g by each liter of cold water. It is taken from 3 to 4 you cotoot to the day

Dye mother

Up to 1 drop internally

Interest

Commentary of John Gerard:

"La calls the Fava Portuguese of malaqua, Haba of malaca: and he is green, and it is hung of the tree, seemed a bean, although much more great. When she is dry, it has a shining blackish color and it contains between the external rind and internal a certain oil of acute causticidad, that burns the skin, call Mel Anacardium. The Indians, by pure pleasing, rascan the fruit with a needle or sharpened thing, and put the trocitos in a flame or candle, giving rise to lights and fires of many strange colors that are the pleasure of which they watch it and the surprise of those who did not see jamás"" them;

Rubber of "acajou"

It is extracted by means of incisions in the trunk, which exudes látex milky that becomes from black color when the curing. In India this rubber like varnish and insecticide is used

Wine of cashew

It is obtained from pericarpio of the fruit. In India it is made traditionally

Noix of cajou

They are eatable once has been put under its toasting. The French put the name to him of noix of cajou

Other related species

Anacardium orientale:

Haba de Malaca, acajú. One is a species mentioned by John Gerard and Andrés of Lagoon, which grows in India. This tree is very similar to the mentioned cashew previously and presents/displays the same therapeutic indications.

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