SJÖGREN SYNDROME

	S
	SJÖGREN SYNDROME
	*SJÖGREN SYNDROME*

SJÖGREN SYNDROME

Syndrome of Sjögren

Disease autoinmune, related to the reumatismos, in which the lacrimales secretory glands and salivares are affected, diminishing its production.

Ten times more frequent in women than in men.

It happens in the 10 to 15 % of patients of reumatoide arthritis.

Near half of the affected ones they present/display reumatoide arthritis.

Prognosis

Incurable.

The suitable cares can delay the incapacity related to this disease.

Complications

They can appear problems in the sanguineous coagulation.

It can affect the blood vessels.

They can appear lymphatic cancers.

Diagnosis and treatment

The diagnosis takes place when two of the three classic symptoms are present (Xeroftálmia, Xerostomía and Artritis).

In order to determine the lacrimación absence, the test of Schirmer is made, putting a drying paper hanging of the inferior eyelid.

Analyses of blood, and x-rays of the affected joints will be made.

Sometimes it will be precise to make biopsies of the affected glands.

General Measures

Artificial tears to protect the eyes.

Gelatin rinsings or glycerin can be used to alleviate the dryness of the mouth.

Contínuos dental cares.

Local heat in the affected joints.

Aids to happen the deformities you will articulate (ojaleras to pass the bellboys, long handle clamps to take objects of the ground, canes...).

Medication

For arthritis the habitual medicines will be used; antiinflammatory nonesteroideos and short turns of corticoids if it is precise.

There is no treatment for the glandular affectation, since the corticoids reduce the inflammation, but do not recover the secrección.

The local irradiation of the inflamed glands is contraindicated.

Activity

They will try to maintain most active the life possible, exercising the joints affected by the most possible artrosis, to delay its deformation.

Factors of risk

Feminine sex.

Familiar antecedents of rheumatic diseases.

Prevention

It is not known.

Causes

A reaction of the defenses against components of the own organism, like in the rest of rheumatic diseases, this case the secretory glands of tears and saliva.

The last cause of this autoataque is not known.

Signs and symptoms

The distinctive symptoms are:

Xeroftalmia or queratoconjuntivitis sicca; dryness of the eyes by absence of tears.

This produces sensation of quemazón and strange body,

picor,

enturbiamiento of the vision,

legañas and

conjuntival reddening.

Xerostomía, or dryness of the mouth, by espesamiento and lack of saliva.

It causes difficulties to swallow solid foods,

loss of the sense of the taste,

generalized and quickly progressive decays,

reddened and smooth language,

they can appear rágades (cracks in the angles of the mouth).

Arthritis, inflammation of the joints, chronicle, indistinguishable of reumatoide arthritis, initially affects the small joints of the hands of symmetrical form, later can affect any joint.

The dryness can affect to other mucous like respiratory or the vaginal one, and even to the skin.

They can appear other symptoms related to the autoimmunity that causes the disease.

It can be associated, although infrequently, to other rheumatic diseases, like sistémico erythematous lupus, polimiositis, esclerodermia, etc.

A proliferation of lymphocytes can take place (specialized white cells of the blood in the defense) that remembers a blood cancer, without getting to be it.

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