CHRONIC PULMONARY DISEASE OBSTRUCTIVA (EPOC)

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	CHRONIC PULMONARY DISEASE OBSTRUCTIVA (EPOC)
	*CHRONIC PULMONARY DISEASE OBSTRUCTIVA (EPOC)*

CHRONIC PULMONARY DISEASE OBSTRUCTIVA (EPOC)

Pulmonary disease obstructiva chronicle (EPOC)

Chronic obstruction of the respiratory routes, which had to chronic bronchitis, enfisema or to the combination of both.

It affects more than 50 million people in the western world.

It affects more men than women, although the differences are disappearing.

Prognosis

Gradual diminution of the respiratory function.

The patients jovenes have better prognosis more, if they follow the norms therapeutic.

The prognosis gets worse with:

To live to altitudes over the 2,000 meters.

Outpost age.

Complications

Frequent infections.

Anxiety and depression.

Circulatory problems cardiac and:

pulmonary hypertension

cor pulmonale

policitemia secondary (excess of sanguineous globules, that thickens the blood)

terminal respiratory failure

lung cancer

Diagnosis and treatment

The diagnosis is made by means of the sanguineous clinic, tests and studies of pulmonary function.

Also it can be necessary to resort to x-rayses and T.A.C. or R.M.N. of lung.

General Measures

To install conditioned air with filters.

Hidratación.

Bronchial hygiene with posturales drainages and respiratory therapy.

Vaccinations against influenzas and colds.

Medication

Antibiotics in case of infection.

Corticosteroides with precaution.

Ansiolíticos and antidepressants with moderation.

Therapy of reemplazamiento with aerosols of the deficiency in antitripsina.

Contribution of oxígenoterapia if it is required.

Prevention

To avoid:

Tobacco and the smoke of the tobacco of third.

The exhibition to irritating chemical substances.

The exhibition to neumoconióticos dusts (that affect the lungs).

Signs and symptoms

There are no symptoms in the beginning.

Diminution in the depth of the breathings.

Production of esputos.

Bronchial infections.

Loss of weight.

In phases outposts:

Disnea (lack of air).

Cyanosis (bluish coloration of skin and mucous).

Affectation cardiac (Cor Pulmonale) in phases outposts.

Factors of risk

Tabaquismo.

Passive Tabaquismo.

Aging.

Familiar history of allergies and respiratory upheavals.

Causes

The damage in the respiratory routes happens by:

Tabaquismo (active or passive).

Environmental pollution.

Exhibition to chemical agents or dusts.

Enzymatic deficiency (alfa1 antitripsina).

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