PARKINSON DISEASE

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	PARKINSON DISEASE
	*PARKINSON DISEASE*

PARKINSON DISEASE

Disease of Parkinson

In a degenerative disease of progressive the nervous system that is pronounced by a premature aging and of certain structures that causes a deficit of a chemical substance, the dopamine, in certain centers of the brain.

Rare time appears in smaller people of 40 years, being something more frequent in the man.

It causes muscular rigidity, diminution of mobility and tremor.

Complications

In spite of the difficulties that to them its disease produces, the patients must try by themselves to make the activities of the daily life.

The difficulties in the march that present/display these patients can cause to them fallen, reason why it will be taken care of that there are not obstacles in its way (wrinkled carpets, cables...).

Prognosis

The derived ones from the sintomatología; mainly falls.

It is a incurable disease.

The treatment improves something the quality of life of the patients, although their loss of efficiency fade or indirect effect is important problems.

Diagnosis and treatment

The diagnosis becomes by the signs and symptoms.

A series of diseases exists that attend with a similar clinic to the Parkinson and are produced by drugs, poisonings by carbon monoxide or manganese, etc., and deniminan Syndrome Parkinsoniano or Parkinsonismo.

For that reason, it is very important to discard in a patient who presents/displays these symptoms of the disease of Parkinson, that is not something secondary to a medication that is taking.

We must emphasize that not all the tremors must to the Parkinson, in special those that shake when drinking, writing or to take some object.

Medication

Even though the disease of Parkinson is chronic, exist at the present time diverse treatments that considerably improve the quality and life expectancy.

The dopamine (chemical substance whose deficit causes the Parkinson) cannot be administered directly, although yes similar precursors that when they arrive at the brain transform into her, or substances with an effect similar to the one of the dopamine can be given. For that reason, nowadays it is possible to compensate this cerebral defect with the ingestion of these substances.

In these patients, a periodic pursuit must be made that will allow to administer the best treatment us in each case, since, although the medicines are very effective, have manifold in the long term indirect effect and.

For that reason, one is due to try to control with the smaller possible medication.

An almost spectacular initial answer is characteristic but that progressively is made less intense and more variable.

Prevention

It does not exist.

Factors of risk

In certain patients, the labor exhibition to determined polluting industrialists.

In most of the cases, it is not known.

Signs and symptoms

Tremor:

one takes place in rest being to regulate and fast

it mainly affects the hands, of asymmetric form (more than the other)

a voluntary movement stops when making disappears during the dream

characteristic "to gild the pill", circular movements of the thumbs on the indices.

Rigidity:

by increase of the muscular tone

it is pronounced by a resistance to the passive mobilization (that is to say, by another person) of a joint, that yields by sections

it causes the denominated "sign of the gear"; we tried to stretch, for example, the elbow, and resists, until it yields a little, returning to resist, etc., until it is opened absolutely.

Acinesia, or parquedad of movements:

delay and slowness in the beginning of the voluntary movements,

the automatic movements disappear as the balance of the arms when walking

the expensive denominated one "in mask", since it has little expresividad and without blinking

shortage of gestures

singsong and slow language

it affects the writing, that empequeñece and desestructura

also it produces difficulty and slowness for daily activities (to eat, to clean up or to get dressed).

The march is typical, being to half-steps, without stroke and with difficulty for the turns. They walk "persecuting itself", inclined forwards.

Causes

As saying is already had, the disease of Parkinson must to the deficit of a chemical substance, the dopamine, in certain levels of the brain.

Although it has been related to multiple genetic factors, of cerebral aging and environmental factors, like a toxic substance used by the drug addicts whom it induces to a very similar clinical picture, is not known why this disease takes place.

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