DIVERTÍCULOS OF COLON

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	DIVERTÍCULOS OF COLON
	*DIVERTÍCULOS OF COLON*

DIVERTÍCULOS OF COLON

Divertículos of colon

The divertículos are bags towards the outside that form in the heavy intestine.

They suffer between the 20 and 50 % of the greater western population of fifty years.

Its importance is in the clinical similarity with the cancer of cólon, that always must discard before the presence of attributable clinic to the divertículos.

When they become infected takes place a diverticulitis.

Sex

This is more frequent in men than in women.

Causes

The heavy intestine is not everything covered of muscle, like the thin one.

The musculatura is reduced to three strips throughout its circumference.

When it increases the pressure within the heavy intestine during long time, usually within the framework of a constipation long play, the internal covering of cólon protruye following the veins nutricias.

Epidemiológicamente has been attributed to the lack of fiber in the western diet (practically it is not known in the underdeveloped populations of paises).

Sometimes rest of foods within one of them remain, taking place the infection of the same one, that denominates diverticulitis.

Signs and symptoms

The isolated diverticulosis does not produce symptoms; at the most vague sensation of annoyance in the sides of the abdomen.

It appears within the framework of a lasting constipation.

When a diverticulitis takes place, it appears:

relatively fixed in the affected zone, spontaneous and to the palpación,

oramiento of the constipation, since the pain gets worse with the defecación,

ícula and affectation of the general state.

In one of each four patients it is appraised bled rectal, but he is usually microscopic.

Factors of risk

Possibly poor diet in remainders.

Prevention

Possibly the taking of rich diets in remainders is useful.

Diagnosis and treatment

DIAGNOSIS:

The diagnosis of the diverticulitis usually is accidental, when making a study with resistance of cólon (enema opaque) by other reasons.

The diverticulitis daignostican by the clinic or its complications.

Once detected a diverticulosis, the concomitante presence of a cancer of cólon must always discard, for which the endoscopia of optical fiber will be used fundamentally (the introduction of a tube to visualize and to take samples from the interior of the heavy intestine in all its extension).

TREATMENT:

The diverticulosis, in itself does not require special treatment.

The treatment of the diverticulitis will depend on its severity. Once diagnosed, it will be able to treat at home or it will need the enter the hospital.

Sometimes the surgical treatment of the diverticulitis will be necessary.

General measures

To increase the content in remainders of the diet.

To avoid the constipation.

Medication

The diverticulosis does not require special medication.

The diverticulitis will need antibiotic and antiinflammatory treatment.

Diet

To drink abundant liquids.

Rich diets in remainders.

With this disease it is advised to follow the following diets:

Rich fiber diet (laxative)

Diet with abundant remainder

Complications

The most serious complication of the diverticulitis is that it masks a cancer of cólon.

The diverticulitis can be perforated, leaving to the abdominal cavity the infection and producing a peritonitis, always serious.

This perforation also can be made towards another hollow víscera, causing internal fistulas (if it is towards vejiga, the lees will leave with tinkles it; if it is towards thin intestine, a "syndrome of handle will take place blinds", with nutricionales and infectious repercussions.

Prognosis

I foretell of the diverticulosis is good.

Not always they finish in diverticulitis.

Its disappearance is doubtful.

The diverticulitis presents/displays a more serious prognosis, since their complications can be mortal but, discovered on time and with the suitable treatment (that can be surgical), usually cures.

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