DIABETES INSÍPIDUS

	D
	DIABETES INSÍPIDUS
	*DIABETES INSÍPIDUS*

DIABETES INSÍPIDUS

Diabetes insípidus

A disorder of the pituitaria gland, located in the base of the brain, that causes a lack of control of the corporal liquids, which as well entails a sensation of excessive thirst and constant necessity to tinkle.

Causes

It is caused by the deficiency of the antidiurética hormone (ADH) that is secreted in the pituitaria gland.

This deficiency takes place by:

Tumor of the pituitaria gland.

Cerebral damage by accident and injury of the same gland.

Cerebral tumor.

Infections like the meningitis or encefalitis.

Hemorrhages of the gland or of adjacent structures.

Aneurism.

Renales diseases.

Signs and symptoms

Excessive thirst impossible to calm.

It tinkles daily colorless in amounts superior to 3 liters.

Dry hands.

Constipation.

Factors of risk

Disease or cerebral damage.

Arterioesclerosis.

Familiar history of Diabetes insipidus.

Prevention

Specific it does not exist.

The alterations of vascular or traumatic origin can be reduced by means of the prevention of first (to see accident cerebrovascular), and the use of helmet in second.

Diagnosis and treatment

DIAGNOSIS:

Hormonal analyses and of blood.

Determination of the ADH levels.

Test of water deprivation.

TREATMENT:

The control of the dehydration and the electrolytic balance are essential to eliminate the problem.

Nasal drops of synthetic ADH, dusts or injection, prescribed by its facultative one.

If the problem is caused by a tumor or aneurism it is necessary to go to the surgery.

Complications

Deficiency of balance sodium-potassium, that can lead to imbalances in the electrical activity of the heart, tires and congestivo cardiac failure.

Prognosis

The one of the underlying cause; if this one is a cerebral accident, the recovery can take until a year.

If it is it by a preceding cerebral infection, the symptoms can persist indefinitely.

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