ARTERIOESCLEROSIS

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	ARTERIOESCLEROSIS
	*ARTERIOESCLEROSIS*

ARTERIOESCLEROSIS

Arterioesclerosis

Disease produced by the deposit of plates of ateroma in the walls of the blood vessels, preventing the normal passage of oxygen and materials nutrients to the diverse zones of the human body.

It is the most important cause of cardiac attacks and infarcts, as well as of cerebral problems (vascular senile or precocious dementia; ictus or apoplexy).

The beginning can be to the 30 years but it can continue until the 45.

It is commonest in men.

After the menopause the women have the same index of risk (before they protect feminine hormones).

Causes

Greasy weave that is accumulated from youth in the internal layers of the glasses, which causes its inflammation and the calcium deposit, reducing the elasticity and the size of the same ones interfering with the sanguineous flow.

Signs and symptoms

They do not appear generally until it is very outpost.

The symptoms most characteristic will depend on the part of the body with greater affectation and the extension of the same one.

The angina of chest and the infarct are evident signs of the damage produced by the arterioesclerosis.

Other diseases that derive from the affectation of the blood vessels of the brain and the kidney.

Factors of risk

Arterial hypertension.

Hipercolesterolemia.

Greater adults of 60 years.

Masculine sex.

Stress.

Diabetes.

Obesity.

Tabaquismo.

Sedentary life.

Undernourishment.

Familiar history of arterioesclerosis.

Prevention

To reduce the risk factors:

Not to smoke.

Poor animal diet greasy and rich in insaturadas vegetal fats.

Regular physical exercise.

To reduce stress.

Scrupulously to follow medication in case of Diabetes or Hypertension.

Diagnosis and treatment

DIAGNOSIS: The diagnosis is made by means of the clinic, analytical, electrocardiogram, test of tolerance to the exercise and others according to the affected apparatus.

The definitive diagnosis is made by means of angiorradiología.

Complementary tests will be made to diagnose the possible factors of risk, like a test of glucemia.

TREATMENT:

The treatment of the risk factors is essential, controlling the hypertension, diabetes, alterations of lipids...

The surgical treatment is recommendable in the cases of high risk.

This one is made by means of angioplastia, bypass or endarterectomía, with or without implantation of "stent".

The line of investigation that better results can produce in the future will be the genetic substitution of affected zones.

Diet

With this disease it is advised to follow the following diets:

Poor diet in "ample" salt

Poor diet in strict salt

Poor fat diet (bilio-pancreática protection)

Complications

Infarct.

Angina.

Renales and oftalmológicas diseases.

Congestivo cardiac failure.

Alterations of the heart rate.

Sudden Death.

Prognosis

It is a disease of which it is known plus every day.

A hygienic and therapeutic medication and correct measures, can extend to the life many years, but it continues being in the long term one of the diseases with worse consequences.

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