AGRANULOCITOSIS

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	AGRANULOCITOSIS
	*AGRANULOCITOSIS*

AGRANULOCITOSIS

Agranulocitosis

Reduction of the normal amount of white cells of the blood (granulocitos or neutrófilos) in the sanguineous flow.

These are the first cells that defend to us of the bacterial infections.

It can appear to any age in both sexes.

Causes

Whatever it favors the destruction or it prevents the production of granulocitos (white sanguineous cells).

The cause commonest is an adverse reaction to medications or chemical agents with inclusion of:

anticancerous drugs,

anticonvulsive,

antihistamine,

drugs antithyroid,

medicines with arsenic,

cloramfenicol,

dibenzapina,

gold salts,

indometacina,

nitrofurantoina,

nitric oxide,

fenotiacidas,

fenilbutazona,

procainamida,

sulfonamides,

synthetic penicillins and

tiacídicos diuréticos.

Although all they cannot produce it with the same probability.

Also they take place after industrial poisonings with aromatic organic dissolvents, like the Benzene.

Signs and symptoms

Fever.

Dolores.

Pain throat.

Ulcers (specially in the mouth and the throat) that does not produce pus and that does not cure single. Any sign of infection in which it has had agranulocitosis can be a relapse symptom.

Factors of risk and Prevention

Genetic factors. A rare, infantile form, of agranulocitosis, is hereditary.

No medicine or suspicious drug avoids relapses not taking from to have caused the agranulocitosis previously.

It does not take any medicine if it is not strictly necessary.

Diagnosis and treatment

The diagnosis is made by the file and physical examination by a doctor.

The antecedent of taking of some of indicated medicines, or of contact with commented chemical agents is helpful for orienting the diagnosis.

Usually one requires the accomplishment of blood analysis, nose, throat, tinkles and bony marrow.

General Measures

The hospitalization in the acute phases usually is necessary.

After the hospitalization, it is recommended:

Scrupulous personal cleanliness.

Dog maintains the clean mouth with frequent rinsings with tempered water you leave, or gárgaras of hydrogen peroxide (oxygenated water).

Be specially careful with its buccal hygiene. Cepíllese the teeth with a very smooth brush, avoiding to irritate encías.

Avoid the contact with chemical agents like chemical agents of cleaning, tail, insecticides, fertilizers, turpentine spirit and others.

Medication

His doctor can:

To prescribe antibiotic intravenous or oral, if the count of the cells is very low.

To prescribe lithium to stimulate the bony marrow to produce more granulocitos.

To retire any suspicious drug to cause agranulocitosis.

Activity

Keep bed during the acute phases.

Return to its normal activities when they yield the symptoms.

Complications

Renales injuries.

Dangerous, sometimes fatal (bacterial, fúngicas, viral or others), resistant infections to the treatments.

Warn its doctor if

It happens the following thing after the treatment:

Any sign of infection, mainly fever.

Swelling of feet and ankles.

Painful Micción or reduction of the micción in 1 day.

New inexplicable symptoms appear. The drugs used in this treatment can produce indirect effect.

Prognosis

According to the cause, it is possible to be cured with intensive treatment.

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